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During and shortly after birth, neonates and infants can be opportunistically infected leading to sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis among other illnesses. GBS is the leading cause of neonatal meningitis globally, and while prophylactic treatments have been successful for reducing early-onset disease, no decrease in the incidence of late-onset disease has occurred and no vaccine is currently available. In this review, we describe GBS both from a clinical and molecular standpoint. We first describe the history of GBS perinatal disease and its clinical presentation and treatment, as well as patient outcomes. We then present recently discovered GBS interactions at the blood\u2013brain barrier that contribute to disease and inflammatory responses, and efforts to develop a broadly effective GBS vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piae103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T12:37:09Z","timestamp":1739191029000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Mechanisms and Manifestations of Group B <i>Streptococcus<\/i> Meningitis in Newborns"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Natalie G","family":"Alexander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7881-2127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William D","family":"Cutts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A","family":"Hooven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon J","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Center for Convergent Biosciences and Medicine, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Alabama Life Research Institute, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025021012265753100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.57.4.571","article-title":"A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic Streptococci","volume":"57","author":"Lancefield","year":"1933","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2025021012265753100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.67.1.25","article-title":"Two serological types of group B hemolytic Streptococci with related, but not identical, type-specific substances","volume":"67","author":"Lancefield","year":"1938","journal-title":"J Exp 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