{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T18:31:17Z","timestamp":1786559477037,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bloodstream infections (BSIs) cause significant morbidity and mortality in children with hematological malignancies. The gut may serve as a potential reservoir for BSI-causing bacteria. Therefore, this longitudinal study aimed to assess the abundance of BSI-causing bacterial strains in the gut microbiota prior to BSI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective longitudinal cohort study included children (1-18\u00a0years) diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia or mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Fecal samples were collected twice weekly, and additionally whenever a BSI was suspected. Gut microbiota were profiled at species level using the PCR-based assay Molecular Culture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recruited 26 children, of whom 16 experienced a total of 31 BSI episodes. In total, 18 out of 38 BSI pathogens (47.4%) could be detected in fecal samples prior to BSI. In the BSI episodes caused by enteric bacteria, 75% of all causative enteric bacteria could be found prior to BSI. Also, bacteria not typically associated with the gut could be detected prior to BSI in feces (Streptococcus mitis in 100% of cases, Staphylococcus epidermidis in 29% of cases). Furthermore, in fecal samples collected after BSI onset and start of antibiotic treatment, 58% of the BSI pathogens could be detected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BSI pathogens, both gram-negative and gram-positive, can be detected in the gut microbiome prior to BSI, and an increase in relative abundance is related to BSI. Secondly, BSI pathogens may persist despite BSI-directed intravenous antibiotic therapy, potentially preceding future BSIs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piag066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T11:22:51Z","timestamp":1785151371000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Detection of Pathogens in the Gut Microbiome Prior to Bloodstream Infection in Children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Juli\u00ebtte","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Migu\u00e9lez S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inbiome , Amsterdam ,","place":["The 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