{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:02:15Z","timestamp":1791360135812,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Reduced male fertility is highly prevalent with hypercholesterolaemia. Though statins are drugs of choice for hypercholesterolaemia, their effect on male fertility is still controversial and dose-dependent. Grape seed extract (GSE) possess hypocholesterolemic and testicular protective effects. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of low-dose atorvastatin (ATV) on male infertility in hypercholesterolaemic rats and assess the additional value of combining ATV with GSE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Male rats were randomized into four groups. The normal group was fed a standard diet. The remaining groups were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 1 month to induce hypercholesterolaemia. Two HFD groups were administered either ATV (1 mg\/kg) alone or combined with GSE (200 mg\/kg) orally for 65 days, while the third group served as HFD control.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Treatment with ATV or ATV\/GSE attenuated dyslipidemia-induced alteration in serum HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and total cholesterol. ATV enhanced serum testosterone, sperm count and motility and fertility index. The effect on testosterone and sperm count was more pronounced by ATV\/GSE. Moreover, ATV reduced testicular malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, caspase-9 and caspase-3 while elevated reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase along with catalase activity. Noteworthy, GSE\/ATV induced more powerful antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>GSE enhanced ATV\u2019s protective effect against hypercholesterolaemia-induced infertility via antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgaa002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T04:13:53Z","timestamp":1609474433000},"page":"366-376","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Grape seed extract improved the fertility-enhancing effect of atorvastatin in high-fat diet-induced testicular injury in rats: involvement of antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4949-3155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalia K","family":"Abdulwahab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology and Developmental Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research , Giza,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weam W","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Cairo,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rania A","family":"Abd El-Aal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology and Developmental Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research , Giza,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hekma A","family":"Abdel-Latif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Cairo,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7026-283X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noha F","family":"Abdelkader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Cairo,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024103012053018600_CIT0001","first-page":"440","article-title":"Prevalence & correlates of primary infertility among young women in Mysore, India","volume":"134","author":"Adamson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"2024103012053018600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10016-1171","article-title":"Effect of vitamin C and atorvastatin on male fertility in rats subjected to forced swimming 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