{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T04:25:31Z","timestamp":1778732731592,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007300","name":"China Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The purpose of the experiment was to estimate whether intrathecal antimalarial drugs could provoke spinal block, and their comparison with lidocaine.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Rats were intrathecally administrated with antimalarial agents (primaquine, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine) and lidocaine, and neurobehavioural examinations (nociception, proprioception and motor function) were assessed; n = 8 per group. One-way and two-way analysis of variance were designed to analyse data.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>At a concentration of 20 mM, primaquine (0.46 mg\/rat) exhibited the longest duration and the most potent effect of nociceptive, proprioceptive and motor blockade (P &amp;lt; 0.01) among five drugs, whereas the other antimalarial drugs displayed a lesser or similar potency of spinal blockade compared with lidocaine (0.29 mg\/rat). In dose-dependent studies, primaquine was more potent (P &amp;lt; 0.01) than lidocaine for spinal block. At ED25, ED50 and ED75 equipotent doses, primaquine produced a greater duration of spinal motor, proprioceptive and nociceptive blockade when compared with lidocaine (P &amp;lt; 0.01).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Primaquine, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine produced spinal blockade. Primaquine was more potent and displayed a prolonged life of local anaesthetic effect compared with lidocaine, whereas the other antimalarial drugs displayed a lesser or similar potency compared with lidocaine.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgab054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T12:17:24Z","timestamp":1615378644000},"page":"1513-1519","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Antimalarial primaquine for spinal sensory and motor blockade in rats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"An-Kuo","family":"Chou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung 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