{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T16:19:16Z","timestamp":1759940356317,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017332","name":"Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["95116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["95116"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Breast cancer causes death in women. Thymus Caramanicus Jalas (TCJ) as a polyphenolic plant has an antiproliferative effect. Accordingly, this investigation studied the TCJ extract anti-tumor effects in a breast cancer model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twenty-four female BALB\/c mice were used in 4 groups including (1) breast cancer (control); (2), (3) and (4) breast cancer + 100, 300 and 500 mg\/kg of TCJ extract (once daily for 20-days after breast tumor induction). The breast tumour was induced by 4T1 cell carcinoma injection. Then tumor size and weight were measured. Tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), nuclear factor \u03ba-B (NF-\u03baB), interleukin-6 (IL-6) as inflammatory markers and also Bcl-2, Bax, cytosolic cytochrome-c, apoptosis-inducing factor, and cleaved caspase-3 as biochemical apoptosis markers were evaluated in tumor tissue with western blotting analysis. Also, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, hydrogen peroxidase (H2O2), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were exanimated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Treatment with TCJ extract (500 mg\/kg) decreased the tumor volume, tumor weight, GPx, SOD, and catalase enzyme activity versus the control group (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Also, TCJ (500 mg\/kg) extract increased MDA, H2O2, inflammatory and apoptosis markers versus control (P &amp;lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Current study showed that TCJ can induce anti-tumour effects via promoting inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in breast tumour tissue.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgac060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T10:47:39Z","timestamp":1661251659000},"page":"1797-1804","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anti-tumor effects of <i>Thymus Caramanicus<\/i> Jalas extract in mice through oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Jalal","family":"Hassanshahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute 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