{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T01:01:27Z","timestamp":1791853287206,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP22K15304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22K15304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs), which are plant-derived extracellular membrane vesicles, can regulate mammalian gene expression. ELNs can cross the blood-brain barrier, making them potential therapeutic agents or drug-delivery carriers for neuroinflammation-related diseases. Here, we investigated the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of ELNs extracted from Allium tuberosum (A-ELNs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A-ELNs were extracted, and their miRNA profile was characterized. A-ELNs were also applied to BV-2 microglial and MG-6 cells derived from C57\/BL6 mice stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), followed by an examination of levels of inflammatory-related factors. To test their drug-carrying potential, A-ELNs were mixed with dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory drug, to prepare dexamethasone-incorporated A-ELNs (Dex-A-ELNs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A-ELNs showed a particle size of 145 \u00b1 2 nm and characteristic miRNAs. A-ELNs significantly decreased the LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines levels in BV-2 and MG-6 cells. The mRNA expression of heme oxygenase-1 was significantly increased, and that of inducible NO synthase and inflammatory cytokines was significantly decreased by A-ELNs in BV-2 cells. Dex-A-ELNs inhibited NO production in BV-2 cells more potently than either A-ELNs or dexamethasone alone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A-ELNs can alleviate microglial inflammation. Their effects can be potentiated by incorporating anti-inflammatory drugs, such as dexamethasone, making them potential therapeutic agents or drug-delivery carriers for neuroinflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgad062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T22:41:29Z","timestamp":1687473689000},"page":"1322-1331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Exosome-like nanoparticles derived from\n                    <i>Allium tuberosum<\/i>\n                    prevent neuroinflammation in microglia-like cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1352-0123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoaki","family":"Ishida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Nankoku, Kochi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1397-6128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kei","family":"Kawada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Nankoku, Kochi ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University , Nankoku, Kochi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Jobu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Nankoku, Kochi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shumpei","family":"Morisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Nankoku, Kochi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsushi","family":"Kawazoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University , Nankoku, Kochi ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University , Sanuki, Kagawa ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satomi","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Nankoku, Kochi ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University , Nankoku, Kochi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keita","family":"Akagaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Nankoku, Kochi 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