{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T17:56:48Z","timestamp":1781805408965,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81903837"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81903837"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82304238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82304238"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81470174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81470174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Xijing Hospital","award":["XJZT18MJ16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XJZT18MJ16"]}]},{"name":"Xijing Hospital","award":["XJZT19Z08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XJZT19Z08"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To explore the effect of extract of Styrax (ES) on myocardial ischemic injury and its molecular mechanism, indirectly providing a theoretical basis for the development of ES.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In order to assess the impact of ES treatment on ischemic heart disease, both a left anterior descending ligation-induced myocardial infarction (MI) model and an ischemia\/hypoxia (I\/H)-induced H9c2 cell injury model have been constructed. Specifically, Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the following groups (n = 8) and administered intragastrically once a day for seven consecutive days: Sham group, MI group, ES-L (0.2 g\/kg) group, ES-M (0.4 g\/kg) group, ES-H (0.8 g\/kg) group, and trimetazidine (TMZ, 0.02 g\/kg) group. The cardiac functions and biochemical assessment of rats were detected. Then, we validated experimentally the targets and mechanism of ES on these pathological processes in I\/H-induced H9c2 cell injury model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These results showed that different doses of ES (0.2 g\/kg, 0.4 g\/kg, 0.8 g\/kg, intragastric) significantly improved myocardial structure and function when compared to the MI group. The results of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), hematoxylin-eosin, and masson staining indicated that ES could significantly reduce infarct size, inhibit myocardium apoptosis, and decrease myocardial fibrosis. Moreover, ES distinctly suppressed the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), alleviated myocardial mitochondrial morphology, and stimulated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, increased the level of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), complex I and complex V activity. Different doses of ES (5 \u03bcg\/ml, 10 \u03bcg\/ml, 20 \u03bcg\/ml) also improved cardiomyocyte morphology and decreased the apoptosis rate in H9c2 cells that had been exposed to I\/H. Furthermore, the results of western blotting and qRT-PCR indicated that ES promoted the expression of proteins and mRNA related to energy metabolism, including phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PCG-1\u03b1), nuclear respiratory factor 1, and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). Mechanically, after the administration of Compound C (dorsomorphin), an AMPK inhibitor, these effects of myocardial protection produced by ES were reversed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Collectively, these results demonstrated that ES could improve myocardial mitochondrial function and reduce ischemic injury by activating AMPK\/PCG-1\u03b1 signaling pathway, while indicating its potential advantages as a dietary supplement.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgad093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T13:39:53Z","timestamp":1698500393000},"page":"1496-1508","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Styrax (<i>Liquidambar orientalis<\/i> Mill.) promotes mitochondrial function and reduces cardiac damage following myocardial ischemic injury: the role of the AMPK-PGC1\u03b1 signaling pathway"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Fei","family":"Mu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi\u2019an 710032 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi\u2019an 710032 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi\u2019an 710032 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meina","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi\u2019an 710032 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi\u2019an 710032 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kedi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an , Xi\u2019an 710032 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an , Xi\u2019an 710032 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingru","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi\u2019an 710032 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7213-3986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi\u2019an , Xi\u2019an 710032 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046 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