{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:12:24Z","timestamp":1790759544320,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Science and Technology- Promotion of University Research and Scientific excellence"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the role of dipeptidyl peptidase-8 and 9 (DPP-8\/9) enzymes in inflammatory bone loss using a 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD)-induced model in Wistar rats. Additionally, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of inhibiting these enzymes with the flavonoid chrysin.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Inflammatory osteoporosis was induced by administering VCD that elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1) levels. DPP-8\/9 enzyme expression and various bone markers were assayed using serum. Further analysis included bone microarchitecture, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, chrysin\u2019s potential to inhibit DPP-8\/9 and mitigate VCD-induced inflammatory bone loss was also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>VCD administration in rats caused ovotoxicity that increased IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 levels, resulting in significant bone loss. Serum analysis revealed elevated bone resorption markers and DPP-8\/9 enzyme levels. Inhibiting DPP-8\/9 with 1G244 reversed these effects, confirmed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and micro-CT scans. Moreover, chrysin significantly reduced DPP-8\/9 levels compared with the untreated group, improved bone markers, and lower inflammatory cytokines, indicating reduced osteoclastogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study highlights the role of DPP-8\/9 in inflammation-induced osteoporosis. Following inhibition of DPP-8\/9, we observed improved bone markers with preservation of trabecular bone mineral density in rats. Additionally, chrysin demonstrated potential as an anti-DPP-8\/9 agent, suggesting its viability for future therapeutic interventions in DPP-8\/9-related inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgae109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T19:08:27Z","timestamp":1725563307000},"page":"249-263","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Unravelling the role of dipeptidyl peptidases-8\/9 (DPP-8\/9) in inflammatory osteoporosis: a comprehensive study investigating chrysin as a potential anti-osteoporotic agent"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Syed Sufian","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard , New Delhi 110062 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faraha","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard , New Delhi 110062 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohd Mumtaz","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard , New Delhi 110062 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1573-152X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayeed","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard , New Delhi 110062 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7401-3299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Ahmed","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard , New Delhi 110062 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0001","article-title":"Demystifying ageing lifting the burden of fragility fractures and osteoporosis in Asia-Pacific","author":"The Economist Intelligence Unit","year":"2017"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0002","first-page":"11","article-title":"The global prevalence of osteoporosis in the world: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Salari","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00004148","article-title":"World-wide projections for hip fracture","volume":"7","author":"Gullberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800508","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.800508","article-title":"Editorial: recent advances in basic and translational osteoimmunology","volume":"12","author":"Srivastava","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860100283","article-title":"Biology of bone and how it orchestrates the form and function of the skeleton","volume":"10","author":"Sommerfeldt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2018.01.027","article-title":"Efficacy of anti-IL-23 monotherapy versus combination therapy with anti-IL-17 in estrogen deficiency induced bone loss conditions","volume":"110","author":"Shukla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2845","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200838192","article-title":"IL-23 promotes osteoclast formation by up-regulation of receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) expression in myeloid precursor cells","volume":"38","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bonr.2020.100282","article-title":"Osteoclasts and their circulating precursors in rheumatoid arthritis: relationships with disease activity and bone erosions","volume":"12","author":"Allard-Chamard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Rep"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7???15","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199807000-00003","article-title":"Macrophage activation results in bone resorption","volume":"352","author":"Lassus","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7260","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.18.7260","article-title":"Origin of osteoclasts: mature monocytes and macrophages are capable of differentiating into osteoclasts under a suitable microenvironment prepared by bone marrow-derived stromal cells","volume":"87","author":"Udagawa","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)60752-0","article-title":"Adverse effects of bisphosphonates: implications for osteoporosis management","volume":"84","author":"Kennel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2013.08.010","article-title":"Is bisphosphonate therapy compromised by the emergence of adverse bone disorders","volume":"19","author":"Verron","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2021.115887","article-title":"Bisphosphonates in inflammatory rheumatic diseases","volume":"146","author":"Peris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-015-0263-5","article-title":"The dipeptidyl peptidases 4, 8, and 9 in mouse monocytes and macrophages: DPP8\/9 inhibition attenuates M1 macrophage activation in mice","volume":"39","author":"Waumans","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27211","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.041871","article-title":"The cytoplasmic peptidase DPP9 is rate-limiting for degradation of proline-containing peptides","volume":"284","author":"Geiss-Friedlander","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1002871","article-title":"New insights into the role of dipeptidyl peptidase 8 and dipeptidyl peptidase 9 and their inhibitors","volume":"13","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbaexp.2004.03.010","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 has two forms, a broad tissue distribution, cytoplasmic localization and DPIV-like peptidase activity","volume":"1679","author":"Ajami","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-013-0350-4","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidases in atherosclerosis: expression and role in macrophage differentiation, activation and apoptosis","volume":"108","author":"Matheeussen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2008.05.079","article-title":"Inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase 8 and dipeptidyl peptidase 9. Part 2: isoindoline containing inhibitors","volume":"18","author":"Van Goethem","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem Lett"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2020.09.005","article-title":"Decrease of the pro-inflammatory M1-like response by inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidases 8\/9 in THP-1 macrophages","volume":"127","author":"Suski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2009.03.032","article-title":"Biochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology of a potent and selective DPP8\/9 inhibitor","volume":"78","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23061368","article-title":"Structure\u2013activity relationship and molecular docking of natural product library reveal chrysin as a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor: an integrated in silico and in vitro study","volume":"23","author":"Kalhotra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-013-3003-3","article-title":"Chrysin promotes osteogenic differentiation via ERK\/MAPK activation","volume":"4","author":"Zeng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3015","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S261216","article-title":"Chrysin attenuates the NLRP3 inflammasome cascade to reduce synovitis and pain in KOA rats","volume":"14","author":"Liao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0025","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chrysin protects against titanium particle-induced osteolysis by attenuating osteoclast formation and function by inhibiting NF-\u03baB and MAPK signaling","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801287","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.801287","article-title":"Safety Evaluation of natural drugs in chronic skeletal disorders: a literature review of clinical trials in the past 20 years","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0027","first-page":"46","article-title":"Effects of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide on peripubertal and adult Sprague","volume":"59","author":"Muhammad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comp Med"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1996.0180","article-title":"Involvement of apoptosis in 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide-induced ovotoxicity in rats","volume":"139","author":"Springer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080309","article-title":"Comparison of skeletal effects of ovariectomy versus chemically induced ovarian failure in mice","volume":"23","author":"Wright","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/s0890-6238(98)00061-6","article-title":"Early effects of ovotoxicity induced by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide in rats and mice","volume":"13","author":"Kao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.141","article-title":"Guidelines for assessment of bone microstructure in rodents using micro-computed tomography","volume":"25","author":"Bouxsein","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2021-0282","article-title":"Immunology of osteoporosis: relevance of inflammatory targets for the development of novel interventions","volume":"14","author":"Ahmad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2016.03.011","article-title":"The effect of boron on alveolar bone loss in osteoporotic rats","volume":"11","author":"Toker","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4248\/br201301003","article-title":"Osteoclasts: new insights","volume":"1","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117606","article-title":"Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and tumor necrosis factor binding protein decrease osteoclast formation and bone resorption in ovariectomized mice","volume":"94","author":"Kitazawa","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-5122(01)00286-9","article-title":"Cytokine pattern in postmenopause","volume":"41","author":"Cioffi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-022-00210-3","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 9 deficiency induces osteoclastic bone loss via gut microbiota-associated systemic chronic inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9100754","article-title":"The 3Rs and humane experimental technique: implementing change","volume":"9","author":"Hubrecht","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anim an Open Access J from MDPI"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0039","first-page":"89","article-title":"Ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis","volume":"19","author":"Yousefzadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"EXCLI J"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E255","DOI":"10.15167\/2421-4248\/jpmh2022.63.2S3.2768","article-title":"Ethical considerations regarding animal experimentation","volume":"63","author":"Kiani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Prev Med Hyg"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030896","article-title":"Divergent pro- and antiinflammatory roles for IL-23 and IL-12 in joint autoimmune inflammation","volume":"198","author":"Murphy","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v99.1.111","article-title":"Targeted disruption of the mouse colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor gene results in osteopetrosis, mononuclear phagocyte deficiency, increased primitive progenitor cell frequencies, and reproductive defects","volume":"99","author":"Dai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1159\/000431091","article-title":"Immunology of osteoporosis: a mini-review","volume":"62","author":"Pietschmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12071100","article-title":"DPP8 selective inhibitor tominostat as a novel and broad-spectrum anticancer agent against hematological malignancies","volume":"12","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2008.00860.x","article-title":"Adverse effects of dipeptidyl peptidases 8 and 9 inhibition in rodents revisited","volume":"10","author":"Burkey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00452","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000452","article-title":"Circulating dipeptidyl peptidase activity is a potential biomarker for inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"13","author":"Jaenisch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Transl Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-44","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase IV, aminopeptidase N and DPIV\/APN-like proteases in cerebral ischemia","volume":"9","author":"R\u00f6hnert","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1369\/jhc.7A7319.2007","article-title":"Regulation of expression and function of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DP4), DP8\/9, and DP10 in allergic responses of the lung in rats","volume":"56","author":"Schade","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm.2009.062","article-title":"Role of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV)-like enzymes in T lymphocyte activation: investigations in DP IV\/CD26-knockout mice","volume":"47","author":"Reinhold","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27494","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.224089","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidases as survival factors in Ewing sarcoma family of tumors: implications for tumor biology and therapy","volume":"286","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S125","DOI":"10.1177\/09603271211033777","article-title":"Chrysin alleviates alteration of bone-remodeling markers in ovariectomized rats and exhibits estrogen-like activity in silico","volume":"40","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0052","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biomarkers as therapy monitoring for postmenopausal osteoporosis: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Migliorini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-010-0074-2","article-title":"BMD and serum intact osteocalcin in postmenopausal osteoporosis women","volume":"26","author":"Jagtap","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Clin Biochem"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0054","first-page":"195","article-title":"Role of micro-CT in the visualization, measurement, and quantification of bone structure in osteogenesis imperfecta","volume-title":"Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications","author":"Molthen","year":"2016"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.02.017","article-title":"Macrophages and skeletal health","volume":"174","author":"Michalski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1017\/erm.2013.8","article-title":"Inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of periodontitis","volume":"15","author":"Yucel-Lindberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Med"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22454-z","article-title":"Targeted apoptosis of macrophages and osteoclasts in arthritic joints is effective against advanced inflammatory arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00657","article-title":"Immunoporosis: immunology of osteoporosis-role of T cells","volume":"9","author":"Srivastava","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2019.1687510","article-title":"Toxicological evaluation of a flavonoid, chrysin: morphological, behavioral, biochemical and histopathological assessments in rats","volume":"44","author":"Yao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2001.01317.x","article-title":"Disposition and metabolism of the flavonoid chrysin in normal volunteers","volume":"51","author":"Walle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105630","article-title":"Profibrotic mechanisms of DPP8 and DPP9 highly expressed in the proximal renal tubule epithelial cells","volume":"169","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00387","article-title":"The dipeptidyl peptidase family, prolyl oligopeptidase and prolyl carboxypeptidase in the immune system and inflammatory disease, including atherosclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Waumans","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00511","article-title":"Biology of the RANKL","volume":"5","author":"Walsh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2023.101227","article-title":"Excessive concentrations of kinase inhibitors in translational studies impede effective drug repurposing","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0065","first-page":"212","article-title":"Engineered microorganism-based delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy: a narrative review","volume":"3","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater Transl"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.12336\/biomatertransl.2021.04.001","article-title":"Cellular modulation by the mechanical cues from biomaterials for tissue engineering","volume":"2","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomater Transl"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0067","first-page":"263","article-title":"Recent development of hydrogen sulfide-releasing biomaterials as novel therapies: a narrative review","volume":"3","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater Transl"},{"key":"2025020305563191200_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2023.110610","article-title":"Bone-targeted bioengineered bacterial extracellular vesicles delivering siRNA to ameliorate osteoporosis","volume":"255","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpp\/article-pdf\/77\/2\/249\/59022057\/rgae109.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpp\/article-pdf\/77\/2\/249\/59022057\/rgae109.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T05:56:50Z","timestamp":1738562210000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpp\/article\/77\/2\/249\/7749549"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jpp\/rgae109","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3573","2042-7158"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3573","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-7158","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]}}}