{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:26:10Z","timestamp":1787009170496,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this research was to enhance the bioavailability of ursolic acid (UA) by preparing multielement amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) systems comprising excipients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ASDs were prepared via the solvent evaporation method, characterized by a range of techniques, and investigated with respect to permeability of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2) cells monolayers and pharmacokinetics, with comparisons made to the physical mixture and the pure drug.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The (UA-choline)-Polyethylcaprolactam\u2014polyvinyl acetate\u2014polyethylene glycol grafted copolymer (Soluplus)-Vitamin E polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) ASD demonstrated superior dissolution properties compared to the corresponding binary solid dispersions and ternary solid dispersions (P&amp;lt; .05). The permeability studies of Caco-2 cell monolayers revealed that the ASD exhibited moderate permeability, with an efflux rate that was significantly lower than that of the UA raw material (P&amp;lt; .05). Pharmacokinetic studies in rats demonstrated that the oral bioavailability of the ASD was 19.0 times higher than that of UA (P&amp;lt; .01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The research indicated that the multielement ASD could be employed as an efficacious drug delivery system for UA. Furthermore, the Soluplus\/TPGS\/choline combination represents a promising candidate for the fabrication of ASDs that can load weakly acidic and poorly soluble drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgae125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T09:12:41Z","timestamp":1726305161000},"page":"1584-1598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<i>In vitro<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>in vivo<\/i>\n                    performance of amorphous solid dispersions of ursolic acid as a function of polymer type and excipient addition"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9835-4604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tingting","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203 ,","place":["People\u2019s Republic 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