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However, traditional PZQ formulations have low solubility and fast metabolism, limiting its effectiveness. Thus, nanoparticles have been proposed to improve the bioavailability and efficacy of poorly soluble antischistosomal drugs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This systematic review used in vivo preclinical studies to map the available evidence and compare the efficacy of free PZQ and PZQ-based nanostructured formulations (N-PZQ) for schistosomiasis treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched, and 1186 experimental studies published between 1974 and 2024 were screened. Parasitological, histopathological, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological outcomes were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twelve relevant studies were identified exploring N-PZQ formulations based on liposomes, nanoliposomes, and nanocrystals. N-PZQ demonstrated better therapeutic efficacy than free PZQ, reducing parasite load, modifying oogram profiles, and down-regulating liver granuloma development (number and size). N-PZQ also exhibited improved pharmacokinetic profile, with enhanced bioavailability and longer half-life, as well as reduced toxicity (cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity) compared to free PZQ.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PZQ-based nanostructured formulations represent a promising strategy to enhance schistosomiasis treatment by improving chemotherapy efficacy, optimizing antiparasitic responses, pharmacokinetics, and reducing drug toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgae155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T15:59:25Z","timestamp":1737129565000},"page":"341-351","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of nanostructured formulations for schistosomiasis treatment: a systematic review of <i>in vivo<\/i> preclinical evidence"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7280-9794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"La\u00eds","family":"de Castro Carvalho Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de Alfenas , Alfenas, 37130-001, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds Felipe","family":"Cunha dos Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Alfenas , Alfenas, 37130-001, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz Cosme Cotta","family":"Malaquias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Alfenas , Alfenas, 37130-001, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1via Chiva","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Alimentos e Medicamentos Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Farmac\u00eauticas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas , Alfenas, 37130-001, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00f4mulo Dias","family":"Novaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Alfenas , Alfenas, 37130-001, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3459-3169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos Jos\u00e9","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de Alfenas , Alfenas, 37130-001, Minas Gerais 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