{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:27:20Z","timestamp":1789658840098,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Northern Border University, Saudi Arabia","award":["NBU-FFR-2026-2510-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NBU-FFR-2026-2510-17"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03j9tzj20","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aging-associated renal dysfunction is driven by mitochondrial impairment, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This study investigated the renoprotective effects of chrysin (Chry) and nano-encapsulated chrysin (Chry-Cas-NPs) in a D-galactose-induced rat model of kidney aging, with emphasis on mitochondrial quality control mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty male Wistar rats were assigned to control, D-galactose, Chry, and Chry-Cas-NPs groups and treated for 10\u00a0weeks. Renal function indices, mitochondrial respiratory chain activities, ATP levels, mitophagy-related proteins (PINK1\/Parkin), mitochondrial gene expression, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory mediators, apoptotic proteins, and renal histopathology were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>D-galactose induced marked renal dysfunction, tubular and glomerular degeneration, and mitochondrial structural damage. These changes were associated with impaired respiratory chain activity, reduced ATP production, altered PINK1\/Parkin expression, downregulation of mitochondrial genes, increased oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde), depletion of antioxidant defenses, increased MAPK and NF-\u03baB\/TLR4 signaling, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, and enhanced apoptosis. Chry partially improved these alterations. Notably, Chry-Cas-NPs significantly restored mitochondrial function and structure, modulated PINK1\/Parkin-related protein expression, attenuated oxidative and inflammatory responses, reduced apoptosis, and preserved renal architecture more effectively than free Chry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chry-Cas-NPs provided greater renoprotective effects than free Chry, associated with preservation of mitochondrial function and modulation of PINK1\/Parkin-related proteins, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in experimental renal aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgag104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T11:20:59Z","timestamp":1788520859000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chrysin preserves renal structure and mitochondrial quality control in D-galactose\u2013induced kidney aging: enhanced efficacy via nano-encapsulation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7444-2499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekramy M","family":"Elmorsy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Research, Northern Border University , Arar 91431 ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayat B","family":"Al-Ghafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"Editome: Precision Gene Editing Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huda A","family":"Al Doghaither","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Sajid","family":"Hussain Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University , Arar 91431 ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asmara","family":"Syed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University , Arar 91431 ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neven A","family":"Ebrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University , Mansoura ,","place":["Egypt"]},{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taibah University , Madinah 42353 ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Jan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University , Arar 91431 ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamada S","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University , Mansoura 35516 ,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091610323610000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.3c00531","article-title":"Aging hallmarks and progression and age-related diseases: a 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