{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:26:14Z","timestamp":1787009174150,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Toshiba Energy Systems and Solutions Corporation","award":["2019-Epi-102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-Epi-102"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to establish a treatment planning strategy with carbon-ion scanning radiotherapy (CIRTs) for stage I esophageal cancer. The clinical data of seven patients treated with CIRTs were used. The setup error and interfractional and intrafractional motion error were analyzed using in-room computed tomography (CT) images for each treatment day. Finally, the planning target volume (PTV) margin was identified according to the accuracy of the treatment system. To ensure robustness against the positional displacements of the target and organs at risk (OAR), the replacement areas were placed as a contour adjacent to the tumor or OAR on the CT-image. The CT values of these areas were replaced by those of the target or OAR. Further, the dose distributions were optimized. Moreover, the variations in the target coverage from the initial plan for each treatment day (\u0394V95%) were evaluated. By contrast, the risk of OAR was not evaluated in this study. The setup error was within 1.0\u00a0mm. The interfractional and intrafractional target motion errors were 2.8 and 5.0\u00a0mm, respectively. The PTV margins were 6.5 and 6.8\u00a0mm in the axial and depth directions, respectively. The robustness to target and OAR displacement was evaluated. The results showed that the target coverage with replacement could suppress decreased target coverage more than that without replacement. The PTV determination and replacement methods used in this study improved the target coverage in CIRTs for stage I esophageal cancer. Despite the need for a clinical follow-up, this method may help to improve clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrad057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T16:25:32Z","timestamp":1692203132000},"page":"816-823","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Planning strategies for robust carbon-ion scanning radiotherapy for stage I esophageal cancer: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Makito","family":"Suga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi, 461-8673 , Japan"},{"name":"Section of Radiation Therapy Technology, Kanagawa Cancer Center , 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohsuke","family":"Kusano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Medical Physics and Engineering, Kanagawa Cancer Center , 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Takakusagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center , 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukio","family":"Oosawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Radiation Therapy Technology, Kanagawa Cancer Center , 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Minohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Medical Physics and Engineering, Kanagawa Cancer Center , 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisaku","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center , 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Katoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center , 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Kamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center , 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masataka","family":"Komori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi, 461-8673 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023092301021248100_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2023092301021248100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyp069","article-title":"A phase II trial of chemoradiotherapy for stage I esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Japan Clinical 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