{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T04:03:27Z","timestamp":1748059407066,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Studies on the atomic bomb have reported a relatively high incidence of acute symptoms, even at below the threshold dose of radiation, and are therefore assumed to include symptoms caused by non-radiation factors. In this study, to investigate the influence of external injuries and burns on symptom expression and the possibility of distinguishing radiation-induced symptoms, we reanalysed data from the survey conducted immediately after the atomic bombing of Nagasaki. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of radiation per 1\u00a0Gy for the occurrence of 16 symptoms ranged from 1.14 to 1.46, based on sex, age at the time of the bombing, radiation dose, external injuries, and burns. This study also included 243 deaths, and thus provides information not seen in other studies, such as the frequency of symptoms in deaths and ORs for symptom occurrence. However, the adjusted ORs for external injuries or burns were smaller than the unadjusted ORs, suggesting that external injuries and burns confound the development of radiation-induced symptoms. Symptom data obtained from interviews such as those used in this study may not be appropriate for use alone because such data include non-radiation factors. Radiation-induced symptoms are often considered to be a syndrome, and the multiple correspondence analyses also revealed that high-dose exposure is associated with nausea and vomiting, subsequent epilation and bleeding tendency as a bone marrow disorder, and inflammation symptoms due to a weakened immune system. Thus, radiation exposure may be indicated by not just one, but rather, a combination of symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rraf014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:52:50Z","timestamp":1741351970000},"page":"212-226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identifying radiation-induced symptoms from an interview survey"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Yokota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Section, Division of Scientific Data Registry, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute , 1-12-4 Sakamoto, \u00a0 852-8523, Nagasaki ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Nagasaki University , 1-12-4 Sakamoto, \u00a0 852-8523, Nagasaki ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Mine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Section, Division of Scientific Data Registry, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute , 1-12-4 Sakamoto, \u00a0 852-8523, Nagasaki ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Nagasaki University , 1-12-4 Sakamoto, \u00a0 852-8523, Nagasaki ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noboru","family":"Takamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Section, Division of Scientific Data Registry, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute , 1-12-4 Sakamoto, \u00a0 852-8523, Nagasaki ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Nagasaki University , 1-12-4 Sakamoto, \u00a0 852-8523, Nagasaki ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki University 852-8523, Nagasaki ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Ishino Shogen, Nagasaki Genbaku Taiken[Testimony of a Medical Doctor, Atomic Bomb Experience in Nagasaki]","year":"1982","author":"Shirabe","key":"2025052306520500600_ref1"},{"volume-title":"Statistical Observations of Atomic Bomb Casualties in Nagasaki,","year":"2006","author":"Shirabe","key":"2025052306520500600_ref2"},{"key":"2025052306520500600_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/113.4.251","article-title":"Medical survey of atomic bomb casualties","volume":"113","author":"Shirabe","year":"1953","journal-title":"Military Surg"},{"key":"2025052306520500600_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S68","DOI":"10.2307\/3578893","article-title":"Cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors. 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