{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T05:27:47Z","timestamp":1770528467194,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]],"date-time":"2016-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Oral mucosal malignant melanoma (OMM) is extremely rare and has a poor prognosis. Owing to its rarity, it has not yet been possible to establish an optimal treatment modality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) for OMM. Between 1997 and 2013, 19 patients with OMM were treated with C-ion RT alone. Patient ages ranged from 44 to 84 years (median, 69 years). Nine men and 10 women were included. OMMs were restaged in accordance with the seventh edition of the tumour\/node\/metastasis (TNM) Staging System of the International Union Against Cancer. Before treatment, 14 patients had T3 disease and 5 had T4a disease. Three patients were classified as having N1 disease. All patients were classified as having M0. The hard palate was the most frequently involved oral subsite. All patients were treated with 57.6 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) in 16 fractions. The median follow-up period was 61\u00a0months (range, 8\u2013190 months). The 5-year local control, overall survival and progression-free survival rates were 89.5%, 57.4% and 51.6%, respectively. For local control and overall survival, T classification was found to be a significant prognostic factor. Grade 2 and 3 osteoradionecrosis was observed in three and four patients, respectively. The presence of teeth within the planning target volume was a significant risk factor for developing osteoradionecrosis. C-ion RT was an effective treatment option with acceptable toxicity for OMM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrw117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,20]],"date-time":"2016-12-20T07:05:51Z","timestamp":1482217551000},"page":"517-522","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Long-term outcomes after carbon-ion radiotherapy for oral mucosal malignant melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Naganawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Radiological Sciences Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aichi Gakuin University, School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Koto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Radiological Sciences Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Takagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Radiological Sciences Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azusa","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Radiological Sciences Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Ikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Radiological Sciences Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Shimozato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aichi Gakuin University, School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Kamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Radiological Sciences Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohara, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Organizing Committee for the Working Group for Head-and-Neck Cancer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020010903191143000_rrw117C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/S1368-8375(99)00085-8","article-title":"Oral mucosal melanoma: epidemiology and pathobiology","volume":"36","author":"Hicks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"2020010903191143000_rrw117C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850401)55:7<1543::AID-CNCR2820550722>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity. 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