{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T01:51:07Z","timestamp":1793238667029,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]],"date-time":"2019-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"national","award":["OTKA K-034416"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OTKA K-034416"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the radiobiological effects of flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter-free (FFF) modes of linear electron accelerators and to understand whether there is any difference between the effects of these modes. We evaluated the number of chromosome aberrations following irradiation of lymphocytes from healthy volunteers with X-ray photons at two energy levels, 6 and 10 MV; the dose rate ranged between 5.50 and 23.08\u00a0Gy\/min and absorbed doses ranged between 0.5 and 8\u00a0Gy. A 60Co curve was employed for comparison. Metaphases from the lymphocyte cultures were prepared using standard cytogenetic techniques and chromosome analysis was performed. Our results allow the performance of biodosimetry at higher energies and doses than the currently used reference dosimetry. We observed significant differences in aberration frequencies when different irradiation techniques were used. FFF mode has a higher radiobiological effect than the FF mode. Linear-quadratic dose response calibration curves were constructed and relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values were calculated. Average RBE values using 6 MV (5.50\u00a0Gy\/min) as a reference radiation were 1.28 for 60Co \u03b3 irradiation, 1.11 for 6 FFF and 0.79\u20130.92 for 10 FFF. Since there are compelling differences between radiation modalities in cases of hypofractionation, these results may be even more important in a therapeutic situation. In case of an accidental overdose of a patient, use of the appropriate calibration curves for biodosimetry are also essential for quantifying the overdose.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrz073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T18:00:56Z","timestamp":1571162456000},"page":"73-81","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Quantifying biological effects of radiation from high-energy linear accelerators on lymphocytes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Gy\u00f6ngyi","family":"Farkas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Department of Radiobiology and Diagnostic Onco-Cytogenetics, 1122 Budapest, R\u00e1th Gy\u00f6rgy u.7-9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsuzsa S","family":"Kocsis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Department of Radiobiology and Diagnostic Onco-Cytogenetics, 1122 Budapest, R\u00e1th Gy\u00f6rgy u.7-9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"Sz\u00e9kely","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Department of Radiobiology and Diagnostic Onco-Cytogenetics, 1122 Budapest, R\u00e1th Gy\u00f6rgy u.7-9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalma","family":"Mih\u00e1ly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, 1122 Budapest, R\u00e1th Gy\u00f6rgy u.7-9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Csilla","family":"Peszny\u00e1k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Budapest University of Technological Economics Hungary, National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, 1122 Budapest, R\u00e1th Gy\u00f6rgy u.7-9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"P\u00f3cza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, 1122 Budapest, R\u00e1th Gy\u00f6rgy u.7-9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tibor","family":"Major","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, 1122 Budapest, R\u00e1th Gy\u00f6rgy u.7-9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Csaba","family":"Polg\u00e1r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, 1122 Budapest, R\u00e1th Gy\u00f6rgy u.7-9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsolt","family":"Jur\u00e1nyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Department of Radiobiology and Diagnostic Onco-Cytogenetics, 1122 Budapest, R\u00e1th Gy\u00f6rgy u.7-9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020021502593701900_ref1","article-title":"Cytogenetic analysis for radiation dose assessment. 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