{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T06:30:51Z","timestamp":1771741851906,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK118354"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK118354"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The development of statistical methods to evaluate surrogate markers is an active area of research. In many clinical settings, the surrogate marker is not simply a single measurement but is instead a longitudinal trajectory of measurements over time, e.g. fasting plasma glucose measured every 6 months for 3 years. In general, available methods developed for the single-surrogate setting cannot accommodate a longitudinal surrogate marker. Furthermore, many of the methods have not been developed for use with primary outcomes that are time-to-event outcomes and\/or subject to censoring. In this paper, we propose robust methods to evaluate a longitudinal surrogate marker in a censored time-to-event outcome setting. Specifically, we propose a method to define and estimate the proportion of the treatment effect on a censored primary outcome that is explained by the treatment effect on a longitudinal surrogate marker measured up to time t0. We accommodate both potential censoring of the primary outcome and of the surrogate marker. A simulation study demonstrates a good finite-sample performance of our proposed methods. We illustrate our procedures by examining repeated measures of fasting plasma glucose, a surrogate marker for diabetes diagnosis, using data from the diabetes prevention programme.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jrsssb\/qkae119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T05:45:12Z","timestamp":1735191912000},"page":"891-907","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Robust evaluation of longitudinal surrogate markers with censored data"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1483-2724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Agniel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics Group, RAND , Santa Monica, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7288-1009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Layla","family":"Parast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics 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