{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T21:29:44Z","timestamp":1784150984641,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Chylothorax is the accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the pleural space. It is a rare condition with potentially life-threatening disorders. In children, the etiology of chylothorax can be mainly attributed to idiopathic factors, congenital, miscellaneous, trauma and malignancies. Conservative treatments can solve most chylothorax, but refractory chylothorax can be challenging to manage. We herein present the case of a 4-year-old girl with no previous medical history who was admitted to our institution after severe vomiting and right chylothorax. The etiological assessment could not identify specific causes. Initial treatment was conservative but after 14\u00a0days, the patient showed no improvement. An exploratory thoracoscopy using indocyanine green showed no active leaks. Pleurodesis was performed and, later on, ligation of the ductus thoracicus. Hereafter, the patient progressed favorably. Even though conservative treatments of chylothorax show a high success rate, the efficacy of additional therapies and the benefits between surgical procedures need further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjad466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T17:56:54Z","timestamp":1692295014000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Refractory chylothorax after severe vomiting and coughing in a 4-year-old child"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2023","author":[{"given":"Vincent","family":"De Pauw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Surgery Department, UZ BRUSSEL , Jette, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siel","family":"Daelemans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, UZ BRUSSEL , Jette, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leontien","family":"Depoorter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, UZ BRUSSEL , Jette, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carola","family":"Brussaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, UZ BRUSSEL , Jette, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Smets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Surgery Department, UZ BRUSSEL , Jette, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023081717561535100_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2018.05.008","article-title":"Analysis of the etiology and treatment of chylothorax in 119 pediatric patients in a single clinical center","volume":"54","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"2023081717561535100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2009.06.008","article-title":"Chylothorax: diagnosis and management in children","volume":"10","author":"Soto-Martinez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"key":"2023081717561535100_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.01.023","article-title":"Bilateral chylothorax after severe vomiting in a child","volume":"94","author":"Yekeler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2023081717561535100_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.02.025","article-title":"ACR appropriateness criteria\u00ae chylothorax treatment planning","volume":"14","author":"Majdalany","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"2023081717561535100_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3413\/Nukmed-0723-15-02","article-title":"Chylothorax and chylous ascites. Clinical utility of planar scintigraphy and tomographic imaging with SPECT\/CT","volume":"54","author":"Weiss","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nukl Nucl Med"},{"key":"2023081717561535100_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12110229","article-title":"MR lymphangiography at 3.0 T: correlation with lymphoscintigraphy","volume":"264","author":"Notohamiprodjo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2023081717561535100_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezv041","article-title":"The changing management of chylothorax in the modern era","volume":"49","author":"Bender","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2023081717561535100_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2006.03.039","article-title":"The role of somatostatin in the treatment of persistent chylothorax in children","volume":"30","author":"Cannizzaro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2023081717561535100_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2000.104287","article-title":"Etiology and management of pediatric chylothorax","volume":"136","author":"Beghetti","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2023081717561535100_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.220040","article-title":"Imaging findings of thoracic lymphatic abnormalities","volume":"42","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article-pdf\/2023\/8\/rjad466\/51125424\/rjad466.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article-pdf\/2023\/8\/rjad466\/51125424\/rjad466.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T17:57:01Z","timestamp":1692295021000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjad466\/7243704"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjad466","relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-8812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-8812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"article-number":"rjad466"}}