{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:47:20Z","timestamp":1765889240946,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Leiomyomas are rare, benign tumors arising from smooth muscle cells. Due to the heterogeneous anatomical locations, as well as clinical and radiological findings, early and correct diagnosis is usually tricky. The clinical symptoms depend on the anatomical structure the tumors are compromising by their growth. We present a case of a 53-year-old male patient who suffered from swelling of the right foot and ankle. Initially, arthritis and deep vein thrombosis were ruled out. As the swelling progressed to the entire leg, CT scan was performed showing a tumor compressing the right femoral vein. However, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a biopsy did not show any conclusive findings. Tumor excision was planned and immunohistochemical staining confirmed leiomyoma. The authors conclude that unspecific, progressive symptoms should prompt further investigation and whenever planning a biopsy, a possible malignant finding should be considered and excision of the biopsy canal together with the tumor must be assured.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjae020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T13:46:11Z","timestamp":1706795171000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Incidental deep soft tissue leiomyoma of the groin \u2013 a case report and comprehensive review of literature"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7994-0796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Falk","family":"Nessenius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cantonal Hospital Aarau Department of Vascular Surgery, , Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Zucal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cantonal Hospital Aarau Department of Vascular Surgery, , Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen-Klaus","family":"Allmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gef\u00e4sspraxis Dr. Allmann , Bahnhofstrasse 28, 6300 Zug, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Spreitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cantonal Hospital Aarau Department of Pathology, , Tellstrasse 25, 500 Aarau, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regula","family":"Marti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cantonal Hospital Aarau Department of Vascular Surgery, , Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-018-3053-y","article-title":"Calcified leiomyoma of the deltoid: pathophysiology and imaging review","volume":"48","author":"Rowland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref2","first-page":"Rd03","article-title":"DSTL of Forearm: A Case Report and Review of Literature","volume":"10","author":"Bommireddy","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00230360","article-title":"Calcified leiomyoma of deep soft tissue. Report of a case in childhood","volume":"425","author":"L\u00f3pez-Barea","year":"1994","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1080\/00015458.2009.11680386","article-title":"DSTL of the Lower Extremities: a Case Report","volume":"109","author":"Sengul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Chir Belg"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1097\/00125480-200211000-00004","article-title":"Smooth muscle tumors of soft tissue","volume":"9","author":"Weiss","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv Anat Pathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48769","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17953","article-title":"Genetic heterogeneity in leiomyomas of deep soft tissue","volume":"8","author":"Panagopoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2016.08.003","article-title":"Leiomyoma of deep soft tissue mimicking calcific myonecrosis","volume":"11","author":"Fitzhugh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2011.10.013","article-title":"DSTL mimicking fibromatosis in a 5-year-old male","volume":"51","author":"Jalgaonkar","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.2484\/rcr.v9i3.960","article-title":"Deep soft-tissue leiomyoma of the forearm mimicking a primary bone tumor of the ulna","volume":"9","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s002560050539","article-title":"DSTL of the thigh","volume":"28","author":"Watson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref11","first-page":"522","article-title":"DSTL of the thigh","volume":"19","author":"Uemura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1007\/s004020100293","article-title":"Deep soft-tissue leiomyoma of the popliteal fossa in a 14-year-old girl","volume":"121","author":"Schmidt-Rohlfing","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470050557","article-title":"Calcified leiomyoma of deep soft tissue in a child","volume":"29","author":"Yamato","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2002.tb00240.x","article-title":"Palisaded and verocay body prominent leiomyoma of deep soft tissue","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199807000-00012","article-title":"Multiple smooth muscle tumors arising in deep soft tissue of lower limbs with uterine leiomyomas","volume":"22","author":"Horiuchi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref16","first-page":"211","article-title":"Deep intramuscular leiomyoma of the lower limb","volume":"59","author":"Arenas","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref17","first-page":"253","article-title":"A case of DSTL: CT and MRI findings","volume":"18","author":"Misumi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiat Med"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JHSB.2006.08.006","article-title":"A leiomyoma arising from the deep palmar arterial arch","volume":"31","author":"Yagi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-5-92","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome due to an atypical DSTL: The risk of misdiagnosis and mismanagement","volume":"5","author":"Chalidis","year":"2007","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.15062","article-title":"Unique case of `trigger wrist' secondary to deep tissue leiomyoma in a healthy 6-year-old","volume":"90","author":"Hernandez","year":"2020","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4402","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004402","article-title":"Leiomyoma originating from axilla: A rare case report and differential diagnosis","volume":"95","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.34.3.545","article-title":"Sonographic evaluation of trigger finger at the wrist and carpal tunnel syndrome resulting from a deep soft tissue leiomyoma","volume":"34","author":"Paluck","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e226668","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-226668","article-title":"Atypical deep somatic soft-tissue leiomyoma of extrathoracic chest wall: first case of the literature","volume":"11","author":"Batihan","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1159\/000064558","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of a DSTL under the rectus muscle","volume":"53","author":"Sumi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref25","first-page":"986","article-title":"Intermuscular leiomyoma of deep soft tissue arising in the lower chest","volume":"33","author":"Nakamura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2006.02.009","article-title":"Corpora amylacea in a leiomyoma of soft tissue","volume":"203","author":"Gallagher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0303-6987.2005.00435.x","article-title":"Ossified soft tissue leiomyoma in a patient with sickle cell anemia","volume":"32","author":"Xu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896916660197","article-title":"Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Deep Esophageal Leiomyoma","volume":"25","author":"Hallin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annpat.2011.12.003","article-title":"Unusual DSTL of the hernia sac","volume":"32","author":"El Amine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Pathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E9","DOI":"10.1177\/014556131309200819","article-title":"Mummified leiomyoma of the midline anterior neck: Case report and literature review","volume":"92","author":"Minor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref31","first-page":"8532","article-title":"Giant abdominal leiomyoma of male: a case report and literature reviews","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e168","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/22020156","article-title":"Case report: Imaging features of perianal leiomyoma","volume":"82","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2000.102600","article-title":"Calcified leiomyoma of the lateral pterygoid muscle in an 8-year-old boy","volume":"89","author":"Manojlovi\u0107","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199406000-00003","article-title":"Leiomyoma of deep soft tissue. Clinicopathologic analysis of a series","volume":"18","author":"Kilpatrick","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200109000-00003","article-title":"Do leiomyomas of deep soft tissue exist? An analysis of highly differentiated smooth muscle tumors of deep soft tissue supporting two distinct subtypes","volume":"25","author":"Billings","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref36","first-page":"363","article-title":"Deep-seated soft tissue leiomyomas","volume":"19","author":"Herrlin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Report of four patients. Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-013-0497-1","article-title":"Extensively ossifying oral leiomyoma: a rare histologic finding","volume":"8","author":"Montague","year":"2014","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref38","first-page":"389","article-title":"Deep soft-tissue leiomyoma","volume":"96","author":"Adamicov\u00e1","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.10249","article-title":"Fine-needle aspiration of leiomyosarcoma: a correlative cytohistopathological study of 96 tumors in 68 patients","volume":"28","author":"Klijanienko","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref40","first-page":"300","article-title":"Aspiration biopsy cytology of smooth muscle tumors. A cytologic approach to the differentiation between leiomyosarcoma and leiomyoma","volume":"37","author":"Tao","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2071394","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2071394","article-title":"Benign smooth muscle tumors (leiomyomas) of deep somatic soft tissue","volume":"2018","author":"McCarthy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sarcoma"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1053\/adpa.2003.50010","article-title":"Criteria for malignancy in nonvisceral smooth muscle tumors","volume":"7","author":"Hornick","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196547030-00011","article-title":"Deep leiomyoma of an extremity","volume":"47","author":"Goodman","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1158\/ajc.1937.435","article-title":"Solitary cutaneous and subcutaneous leiomyoma","volume":"29","author":"Stout","year":"1937","journal-title":"Am J Cancer"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/0899-7071(94)00012-2","article-title":"Calcified soft tissue leiomyoma of the shoulder mimicking a chondrogenic tumor","volume":"19","author":"De Mouy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470050074","article-title":"Leiomyomas of the gallbladder and splenic calcifications in an HIV-infected child","volume":"27","author":"Tom\u00e0","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2016.01.012","article-title":"Leiomyoma of the sternothyroid muscle","volume":"37","author":"Rowe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.114.3.529","article-title":"Calcified gastric leiomyoma presenting as a mediastinal mass","volume":"114","author":"Graham","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref49","first-page":"514","article-title":"Gastric leiomyoma. Apropos of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"129","author":"Abadie","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Chir (Paris)"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref50","first-page":"297","article-title":"Leiomyoma of the stomach","volume":"95","author":"Markgraf","year":"1970","journal-title":"Zentralbl Chir"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref51","first-page":"235","article-title":"Gastric volvulus with massive hemorrhage due to leiomyoma. Case report. 1958","volume":"72","author":"Blansfield","year":"2008","journal-title":"Conn Med"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.5578\/tt.27665","article-title":"A case of tracheal leiomyoma misdiagnosed as asthma","volume":"64","author":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tuberk Toraks"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref53","first-page":"336","article-title":"Leiomyoma of the trachea; report of a case","volume":"63","author":"Kataoka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kyobu Geka"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref54","first-page":"1464","article-title":"A case of leiomyoma of the trachea","volume":"29","author":"Shirakawa","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)01500-5","article-title":"Leiomyoma of an accessory tracheal bronchus","volume":"78","author":"Tamura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref56","first-page":"316","article-title":"A case of leiomyoma of the intermediate bronchus","volume":"44","author":"Shimizu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Kyobu Geka"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.135.2.7367625","article-title":"Calcification in childhood leiomyoma","volume":"135","author":"Ledesma-Medina","year":"1980","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2024020113460050700_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-032021","article-title":"Hormonal manipulation of benign metastasizing leiomyomas: report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"89","author":"Rivera","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article-pdf\/2024\/1\/rjae020\/56485031\/rjae020.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article-pdf\/2024\/1\/rjae020\/56485031\/rjae020.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T13:46:42Z","timestamp":1706795202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjae020\/7593663"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjae020","relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-8812"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2042-8812"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"article-number":"rjae020"}}