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To further assess the clinical utility of this approach, additional data on the efficacy of neoantigen DC vaccination are needed. A 65-year-old male patient underwent curative surgical resection for pStage IIIB transverse colon cancer, followed by adjuvant DC vaccination combined with conventional chemotherapy for 6\u00a0months postoperatively. The neoantigen DC vaccination effectively reduced elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Moreover, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) isolated from the patient\u2019s peripheral blood demonstrated specific recognition of the neoantigen peptides. Our findings suggest that CTLs recognizing tumor-specific neoantigens may play an important role in immune surveillance against cancer recurrence. The patient remains alive and disease-free 16\u00a0months after surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjaf1030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T12:47:11Z","timestamp":1765716431000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neoantigen dendritic cell vaccination combined with conventional chemotherapy for a patient with advanced transverse colon cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Hideya","family":"Onishi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Iseikai Cancer and Neurological Intractable Disease Treatment Clinic , 2-9-15-8F Higashinakajima, Higashiyodogawa-ku, Osaka, 533-0033 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Iseikai International General Hospital , 4-14 Minamiogimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka , 530-0052,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery\/Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Kyushu University Hospital , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka , 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