{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T00:05:35Z","timestamp":1755216335088,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Rectal leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an exceptionally rare malignancy, representing \u02c20.5% of all rectal cancers. Even more uncommon are the cases of radiation-induced LMS arising as an independent malignancy following pelvic radiotherapy. We report a case of a 56-year-old female patient with a history of high-grade large cell neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma treated 12\u00a0years earlier with radical hysterectomy and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The patient presented with rectal discomfort and altered bowel habits. A colonoscopy revealed a near-obstructing polypoid rectal mass, and a biopsy confirmed LMS. Surgical treatment via abdominoperineal resection with total mesorectal excision was performed. Adjuvant chemotherapy was conducted by an oncologist. Given the long latency period and absence of metastases, the tumor was stated as a radiation-induced primary malignancy. This case emphasizes the importance of awareness in cancer survivors previously treated with pelvic radiotherapy and highlights the critical role of surgery in the management of rectal LMS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjaf609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T07:45:49Z","timestamp":1754293549000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Radiation-induced rectal leiomyosarcoma in a cervical cancer survivor: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2025","author":[{"given":"Haris","family":"Sulejmani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje ,","place":["Boulevard Goce Delchev 9, Skopje 1000, North Macedonia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Vasilevski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery, University Surgery Hospital \u201cSt. Naum Ohridski\u201d , Bul. 11 Oktomvri 53, Skopje 1000 ,","place":["North Macedonia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8610-9119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blagica","family":"Krsteska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje , Boulevard Goce Delchev 9, Skopje 1000 ,","place":["North Macedonia"]},{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty in Skopje , 50 divizija, Skopje 1000 ,","place":["North Macedonia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aneta","family":"Tanevska Zrmanovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje , Boulevard Goce Delchev 9, Skopje 1000 ,","place":["North Macedonia"]},{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty in Skopje , 50 divizija, Skopje 1000 ,","place":["North Macedonia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nenad","family":"Mitreski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje , Boulevard Goce Delchev 9, Skopje 1000 ,","place":["North Macedonia"]},{"name":"University Clinic of Radiotherapy and Oncology , Mother Teresa 17, Skopje 1000 ,","place":["North Macedonia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5286-3532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrej","family":"Nikolovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje , Boulevard Goce Delchev 9, Skopje 1000 ,","place":["North Macedonia"]},{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery, University Surgery Hospital \u201cSt. Naum Ohridski\u201d , Bul. 11 Oktomvri 53, Skopje 1000 ,","place":["North Macedonia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025080403454244300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.21037\/tcr.2019.06.17","article-title":"Multidisciplinary evaluation of locally advanced leiomyosarcoma in the lower rectum: a case report and literature review.","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Cancer Res"},{"key":"2025080403454244300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canrad.2022.10.002","article-title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the lower rectum managed by radiotherapy and surgery: a case report and review of literature","volume":"27","author":"Bennassi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer\/Radioth\u00e9rapie"},{"key":"2025080403454244300_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896915617025","article-title":"Postirradiation leiomyosarcoma of rectum presenting as a polyp: case report and review of the literature","volume":"24","author":"Jayakumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2025080403454244300_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjx175","article-title":"Coincidence or not? A rare case of rectal leiomyosarcoma amidst incidental findings of anal squamous cell carcinoma: case presentation and literature review","volume":"2017","author":"Iwasiuk","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"2025080403454244300_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.27481","article-title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum: a systematic review of recent literature","volume":"129","author":"Annicchiarico","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2025080403454244300_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1610653","article-title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum as a radiation-induced second malignancy after cervical cancer treatment: case report with review of the literature","volume":"2019","author":"Makhmudov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Case Rep Oncol Med"},{"key":"2025080403454244300_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-2215-6-27","article-title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum mimicking primary ovarian carcinoma: a case report","volume":"6","author":"Ouh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"},{"key":"2025080403454244300_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-016-1047-8","article-title":"Unusual evolution of leiomyosarcoma of the rectum: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Sahli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"key":"2025080403454244300_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s40792-017-0289-z","article-title":"Transanal total mesorectal excision for a large leiomyosarcoma at the lower rectum: a case report and literature review","volume":"3","author":"Hoshino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Case Rep"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article-pdf\/2025\/8\/rjaf609\/63926465\/rjaf609.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article-pdf\/2025\/8\/rjaf609\/63926465\/rjaf609.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T07:45:49Z","timestamp":1754293549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjaf609\/8221619"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjaf609","relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-8812"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2042-8812"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"article-number":"rjaf609"}}