{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T20:26:40Z","timestamp":1757622400626,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Tuberous breast deformity was first documented by Rees and Aston in 1976. The deformity is well documented in cisgender women, with rare cases in cisgender men often associated with gynecomastia, and almost no reports in transgender women. Herein, we present a case of a 32-year-old transgender woman who developed bilateral tuberous breast deformity after 10\u00a0years of hormone replacement therapy. This report highlights the rarity of the condition in transgender women, discusses its clinical presentation, and its surgical management. Given the growing number of transgender individuals undergoing gender-affirming care, recognizing and addressing such anatomical variations is crucial for optimizing surgical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjaf694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T19:48:11Z","timestamp":1757360891000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tuberous breast deformity in a transgender woman: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2025","author":[{"given":"Yasmine","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles , 200 Medical Plaza, Suite 460, Los Angeles, CA 90095 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siam K","family":"Rezwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles , 200 Medical Plaza, Suite 460, Los Angeles, CA 90095 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aman","family":"Tahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles , 200 Medical Plaza, Suite 460, Los Angeles, CA 90095 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael R","family":"DeLong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles , 200 Medical Plaza, Suite 460, Los Angeles, CA 90095 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090815480509200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)30232-7","article-title":"The tuberous breast","volume":"3","author":"Rees","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025090815480509200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-019-01418-1","article-title":"Male tuberous breast: a rare variant of gynecomastia. Clinical considerations and personal experience: tips and tricks to maximize surgical outcomes","volume":"43","author":"Innocenti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025090815480509200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15010245","article-title":"Effects of hormones on breast development and breast cancer risk in transgender women","volume":"15","author":"Berliere","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2025090815480509200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199908000-00039","article-title":"Augmentation mammaplasty in male-to-female transsexuals","volume":"104","author":"Kanhai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2025090815480509200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2020.0057","article-title":"Chest feminization in male-to-female transgender patients: a review of 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classification and treatment","volume":"49","author":"Heimburg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025090815480509200_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4355","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000004355","article-title":"Review of tuberous breast deformity: developments over the last 20 years","volume":"10","author":"Lozito","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"key":"2025090815480509200_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1111\/tbj.12512","article-title":"Tuberous male breast: assessment and esthetic correction","volume":"21","author":"Monteiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Breast J"},{"key":"2025090815480509200_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2018.12.008","article-title":"Correction of the tuberous breast deformity in a prepubescent male patient: a surgical approach to an unusual 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