{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T00:30:17Z","timestamp":1763166617838,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Empyema necessitans (EN) is a rare complication of thoracic empyema in which infection spreads into the chest wall. While historically associated with tuberculosis, EN caused by Escherichia coli is exceedingly rare. Our report highlights a case of EN in a 76-year-old male that developed after dislodgement of a chest tube placed for the treatment of a pleural effusion associated with a perinephric abscess. The patient presented with a cough and chest wall bulge and admission imaging confirmed a loculated pleural effusion with extension into the chest wall. Cultures from a spontaneously draining pleurocutaneous fistula grew E. coli and the patient required surgical intervention for decortication and excision of the fistula tract. This case highlights the importance of considering extra-thoracic sources of infection in empyema, maintaining suspicion for EN in patients with a history of inadequate drainage, and the role of early surgical intervention in preventing complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjaf908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T00:28:46Z","timestamp":1763166526000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A rare case of bacterial translocation from a renal abscess resulting in empyema necessitans: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2025","author":[{"given":"Monica","family":"Bobila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery Department, St. Joseph University Medical Center , 703 Main St, Paterson, NJ 07503 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walid Akram","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery Department, St. Joseph University Medical Center , 703 Main St, Paterson, NJ 07503 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3517-0338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niyousha","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery Department, St. Joseph University Medical Center , 703 Main St, Paterson, NJ 07503 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Crisafulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery Department, St. Joseph University Medical Center , 703 Main St, Paterson, NJ 07503 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aakash","family":"Trivedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery Department, St. Joseph University Medical Center , 703 Main St, Paterson, NJ 07503 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vinay","family":"Tak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, St. Joseph University Medical Center , 703 Main St, Paterson, NJ 07503 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025111419284252300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09062-0","article-title":"Empyema necessitans caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a case report and literature review","volume":"24","author":"Nakamura","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025111419284252300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2006.09.019","article-title":"Contemporary empyema necessitatis","volume":"120","author":"Kono","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2025111419284252300_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e48973","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.48973","article-title":"Empyema necessitatis: a rare complication of empyema","volume":"15","author":"Gerlach","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2025111419284252300_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.11.030","article-title":"The bacterial aetiology of pleural empyema. 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