{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T08:18:19Z","timestamp":1769415499111,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":32,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Liquid nitrogen-infused \u2018Dragon\u2019s Breath\u2019 snacks have gained popularity despite their potential to cause serious gastrointestinal injury. We report the case of a 14-year-old boy who presented to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital, two hours after ingestion of \u2018Dragon\u2019s Breath\u2019 candy with severe abdominal pain and distension leading to generalized peritonitis and sepsis. Abdominal X-ray showed massive pneumoperitoneum, raising suspicion of hollow viscus perforation. Emergency laparotomy performed, and there was a 3\u2009\u00d7\u20092\u00a0cm gastric perforation along the lesser curvature. Primary repair was performed with drain placement, and the initial postoperative course was uneventful, leading to discharge on day 6. Three days later, he re-presented with hematemesis, melena, and haemoglobin of 8\u00a0g\/dl. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed mild erosive gastritis without active bleeding. This case highlights the significant morbidity associated with liquid nitrogen ingestion and emphasizes the need for safety regulations and postoperative endoscopic follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjag005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T12:23:24Z","timestamp":1768220604000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gastrointestinal catastrophe after ingestion of liquid nitrogen-treated candy: a case of Dragon\u2019s breath-induced perforation and postoperative complications"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Hafiz Syed Zaigham Ali","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Edward Medical University\/Mayo Hospital , Lahore, Punjab 54590, Pakistan"},{"name":"Aberdeen Royal Infirmary\/University of Aberdeen , Foresterhill Road, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN ,","place":["Scotland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayesha","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Edward Medical University\/Mayo Hospital , Lahore, Punjab 54590 ,","place":["Pakistan"]},{"name":"Aberdeen Royal Infirmary\/University of Aberdeen , Foresterhill Road, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN ,","place":["Scotland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan Bin","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Edward Medical University\/Mayo Hospital , Lahore, Punjab 54590 ,","place":["Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Salman Hussain","family":"Zaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Edward Medical University\/Mayo Hospital , Lahore, Punjab 54590 ,","place":["Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Musaab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Edward Medical University\/Mayo Hospital , Lahore, Punjab 54590 ,","place":["Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012510054248500_ref1","author":"Chen"},{"key":"2026012510054248500_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2017.178","article-title":"Stomach perforation caused by ingesting liquid nitrogen: a case report on the effect of a dangerous snack","volume":"51","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clinical Endoscopy"},{"key":"2026012510054248500_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e3181cd14b3","article-title":"Liquid nitrogen ingestion followed by gastric perforation","volume":"26","author":"Berrizbeitia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg 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