{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T09:42:17Z","timestamp":1780652537503,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eagle\u2019s Syndrome is a rare condition caused by a particularly elongated styloid process or ossification phenomena of the styloid ligament. It shows up with a triad of symptoms characterized by a sensation of a foreign body in the throat, dysphagia, and unilateral neck-facial. Case 1: A 43-year-old man with right lateral cervical pain and dysphagia underwent styloidectomy using a transoral approach. Case 2: 71-year-old man with right lateral cervical pain, tongue motility deficit, and dysphagia, who underwent styloidectomy using a transcervical approach. The surgery was performed using the VITOM 3D exoscope. The two approaches are both practical. The transoral approach, when feasible, is used to minimize surgical times and postoperative complications. The transcervical approach allows for excellent visualization of the anatomical structures. Moreover, this article aimed to document our experience using a 3D VITOM exoscope, which provides significant advantages in both transoral and transcervical approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjag237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T12:39:31Z","timestamp":1773491971000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Eagle\u2019s syndrome: two approaches using VITOM 3D exoscope for an underestimated pathology"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Crudo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital 'Mazzini' ,","place":["Piazza Italia, Teramo 64100, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery Unit, \"A. Gemelli\" Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart ,","place":["Largo Francesco Vito, Rome 00168, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Paludetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery Unit, \"A. Gemelli\" Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart ,","place":["Largo Francesco Vito, Rome 00168, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Rigante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery Unit, \"A. Gemelli\" Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart ,","place":["Largo Francesco Vito, Rome 00168, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-438X(06)76657-9","article-title":"Eagle's syndrome","volume":"123","author":"Oueslati","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Otolaryngol Chir cervicofac"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stomax.2011.08.007","article-title":"Eagle syndrome: a rare and atypical pain","volume":"112","author":"Bouguila","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-013-2664-0","article-title":"Surgical management of elongated styloid process: intraoral or transcervical?","volume":"271","author":"M\u00fcderris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2018.05.001","article-title":"Transcervical styloidectomy in Eagle's syndrome","volume":"135","author":"Pigache","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.25259\/SNI_666_2023","article-title":"Eagle syndrome: an updated review","volume":"14","author":"Pagano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref6","first-page":"1401","article-title":"CT findings associated with Eagle syndrome","volume":"22","author":"Murtagh","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2017.04.021","article-title":"Eagle syndrome: a comprehensive review","volume":"159","author":"Badhey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.896741","article-title":"Eagle syndrome causing vascular compression with cervical rotation: case report","volume":"81","author":"Demirta\u015f","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1948.00690030654006","article-title":"Elongated styloid process; further observations and a new syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Eagle","year":"1925","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1958.00730010178007","article-title":"Elongated styloid process: symptoms and treatment","volume":"67","author":"Eagle","year":"1958","journal-title":"AMA Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2011.30","article-title":"Tonsillo-styloidectomy for Eagle's syndrome: a review of 15 cases in KVG medical college","volume":"26","author":"Naik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sullia Oman Med J"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e61","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.18749","article-title":"Retromolar, Para-tonsillar approach to the styloid process in 6 patients with Eagle's syndrome","volume":"19","author":"SchellerK","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-009-0079-4","article-title":"Significance of styloidectomy in Eagle's syndrome: an analysis","volume":"61","author":"Mohanty","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"2026041222154789600_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11133639","article-title":"High definition three-dimensional exoscope (VITOM 3D) in E.N.T. Surgery: a systematic review of current experience","volume":"11","author":"Ferlito","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article-pdf\/2026\/4\/rjag237\/68030847\/rjag237.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article-pdf\/2026\/4\/rjag237\/68030847\/rjag237.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T02:15:54Z","timestamp":1776046554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjag237\/8651374"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjag237","relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-8812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-8812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"article-number":"rjag237"}}