{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T18:31:44Z","timestamp":1788201104501,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retained renal foreign bodies (FBs) following blast or firearm injury are rare and usually present early; delayed presentation is a challenging diagnostic scenario. The present report describes a case of retained renal shrapnel presenting with obstructive complications 18\u00a0years after the initial injury. Imaging revealed a 24\u00a0mm calculus encrusting a retained metallic FB at the left renal hilum, with severe hydronephrosis and reduced differential renal function (27.4%). Following ureteroscopic stenting, percutaneous nephrolithotomy was performed. The surrounding calculus was fragmented, but the metallic core resisted both pneumatic and laser lithotripsy and required extraction via a dorsal lumbotomy. A focused review of seven prior cases revealed an injury-to-presentation latency of 5\u00a0months to 17\u00a0years; the present 18-year interval is among the longest reported. Retained renal FBs may remain silent for years and closely mimic ordinary calculi; a thorough trauma history is essential to avoid misdiagnosis and guide operative planning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjag764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T11:37:54Z","timestamp":1787053074000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Delayed presentation of retained renal shrapnel: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Rawa","family":"Bapir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Smart Health Tower , Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]},{"name":"Department of Urology, Sulaymaniyah Surgical Teaching Hospital , Zanko Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]},{"name":"Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office) , Hamdi Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Mohammed","family":"Abdalqadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Sulaymaniyah Surgical Teaching Hospital , Zanko Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismaeel","family":"Aghaways","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Sulaimani , Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryar Othman","family":"Muhammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Health Tower (Raparin Branch) , Karux Street, Ranya 46012, Sulaymaniyah ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farman M","family":"Faraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Smart Health Tower , Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soran H","family":"Tahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Sulaimani , Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Smart Health Tower , Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nali H","family":"Hama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Smart Health Tower , Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheer T","family":"Hamasalih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Scientific Affairs, Smart Health Tower , Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berun A","family":"Abdalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office) , Hamdi Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]},{"name":"Department of Scientific Affairs, Smart Health Tower , Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2124-9580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahmi H","family":"Kakamad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office) , Hamdi Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]},{"name":"College of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Sulaimani , Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]},{"name":"Department of Scientific Affairs, Smart Health Tower , Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah 46001 ,","place":["Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.106180","article-title":"A large renal bullet that resembles a large renal stone. A rare case scenario","volume":"85","author":"Taha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2019.101082","article-title":"Successfully managed grade IV renal injury and retained bullet in third-trimester pregnant woman","volume":"29","author":"Mohamed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2017.11.044","article-title":"Retained bullet in the kidney: imaging and conservative management","volume":"113","author":"Mantica","year":"2018","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref4","first-page":"30","article-title":"Percutaneous nephrolithotomy for removal of a calcified intra-renal artillery shell fragment","volume":"155","author":"Naeem","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ Mil Health"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e32841","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032841","article-title":"Percutaneous nephroscopy combined with the laser used for right kidney bullet extraction: a case report","volume":"102","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8836853","DOI":"10.1155\/criu\/8836853","article-title":"Laparoscopic retrieval of foreign body in the kidney: an unusual case report and literature review","volume":"2025","author":"Bedaiwi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Case Rep Urol"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref7","first-page":"89","article-title":"CaReL guidelines: a consensus-based guideline on case reports and literature review (CaReL)","volume":"2","author":"Prasad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Barw Med J"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref8","first-page":"13","article-title":"Non-recommended publishing lists: strategies for detecting deceitful journals","volume":"4","author":"Kakamad","year":"2026","journal-title":"Barw Med J"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2025.12.1622","article-title":"Warfare injuries: a case series of retained foreign bodies in the genitourinary tract","volume":"35","author":"Ali","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2005.19.719","article-title":"Percutaneous nephrolithotomy to remove a cartridge detonating cap mimicking a renal pelvic stone 12 years after renal trauma","volume":"19","author":"Bissas","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref11","first-page":"71","article-title":"When the bullet finds the only kidney: a rare happening of a stray bullet embedded in a solitary functioning kidney: a case report","volume":"1","author":"Haseeb","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pak J Urol"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1177\/1460408620962282","article-title":"\u201cBullet colic\u201d following renal gunshot wound","volume":"23","author":"Kaestner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trauma"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1089\/cren.2018.0068","article-title":"Late presentation of a 9 mm bullet in the ureteropelvic junction causing acute renal failure in a solitary functioning left kidney","volume":"4","author":"Jhaveri","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Endourol Case Rep"},{"key":"2026083113524206400_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2025.111580","article-title":"Retained bullet in the right kidney collecting system with secondary stone formation treated with ultrasound guided PCNL in resource limited setup-case report","volume":"133","author":"Tegegne","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article-pdf\/2026\/9\/rjag764\/70884298\/rjag764.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article-pdf\/2026\/9\/rjag764\/70884298\/rjag764.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T17:52:49Z","timestamp":1788198769000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jscr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjag764\/8776994"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjag764","relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-8812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-8812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"article-number":"rjag764"}}