{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T07:18:34Z","timestamp":1784099914118,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071637"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071637"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371635"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371635"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Poor sleep quality is now a cause of sexual dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To investigate variations in sleep quality among patients with different types of premature ejaculation (PE) and a control group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with PE were categorized into groups according to 4 types: lifelong (LPE), acquired (APE), variable (VPE), and subjective (SPE). Basic demographic information about the participants was first collected, and then clinical data were obtained.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Outcomes included the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function, Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, self-estimated intravaginal ejaculation latency time (minutes), and sleep monitoring parameters obtained from a wearable device (Fitbit Charge 2).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 215 participants were enrolled in the study, of which 136 patients with PE were distributed as follows: LPE (31.62%), APE (42.65%), VPE (10.29%), and SPE (15.44%). Subjective scales showed that patients with APE were accompanied by a higher prevalence of erectile dysfunction, anxiety, and depression, as well as poorer sleep quality (assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). The results of objective sleep parameters revealed that average durations of sleep onset latency (minutes) and wake after sleep onset (minutes) in patients with APE (mean \u00b1 SD; 20.03\u2009\u00b1\u20099.14, 55\u2009\u00b1\u200923.15) were significantly higher than those with LPE (15.07\u2009\u00b1\u20095.19, 45.09\u2009\u00b1\u200920.14), VPE (13.64\u2009\u00b1\u20093.73, 38.14\u2009\u00b1\u200911.53), and SPE (14.81\u2009\u00b1\u20094.33, 42.86\u2009\u00b1\u200913.14) and the control group (12.48\u2009\u00b1\u20093.45, 37.14\u2009\u00b1\u200915.01; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.05). The average duration of rapid eye movement (REM; minutes) in patients with APE (71.34\u2009\u00b1\u200923.18) was significantly lower than that in patients with LPE (79.67\u2009\u00b1\u200921.53), VPE (85.93\u2009\u00b1\u20096.93), and SPE (80.86\u2009\u00b1\u200913.04) and the control group (86.56\u2009\u00b1\u200911.93; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.05). Similarly, when compared with the control group, patients with LPE had significantly longer durations of sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset and a significantly shorter duration of REM sleep.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study suggests that clinicians should pay attention not only to male physical assessment but also to mental health and sleep quality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Strengths and Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study suggests that changes in sleep structure occur in patients with PE, which may provide some direction for future research. However, the cross-sectional study design does not allow us to conclude that sleep is a risk factor for PE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After controlling for traditional parameters such as age, erectile dysfunction, anxiety, and depression, sleep parameters are independently associated with PE. Patients with APE and LPE show significant alterations in sleep parameters, with patients with APE having notably poorer sleep quality, whereas patients with VPE and SPE have sleep parameters similar to controls.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jsxmed\/qdae106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T01:18:09Z","timestamp":1725326289000},"page":"889-896","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Variations in objectively measured sleep parameters in patients with different premature ejaculation syndromes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Shushan District, Hefei 230022, Anhui,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University , Shushan District, Hefei 230022, Anhui,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Shushan District, Hefei 230022, Anhui,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University , Shushan District, Hefei 230022, Anhui,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , Peking University First Hospital Institute of Urology, , Xicheng District, Beijing 100034,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Peking University Andrology Center , Peking University First Hospital Institute of Urology, , Xicheng District, Beijing 100034,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiansheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Shushan District, Hefei 230022, Anhui,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University , Shushan District, Hefei 230022, Anhui,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2024100107254579700_ref1","first-page":"265","article-title":"Premature ejaculation","volume":"42","author":"Harrison","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024100107254579700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12504","article-title":"An update of the International Society of Sexual Medicine\u2019s guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of premature ejaculation (PE)","volume":"11","author":"Althof","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024100107254579700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2006.00276.x","article-title":"Changing paradigms from a historical DSM-III and DSM-IV view toward an evidence-based definition of premature ejaculation. 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