{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T02:14:59Z","timestamp":1778120099979,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although many transmasculine individuals undergo 1 or more gynecological surgeries (ie, hysterectomy, oophorectomy, tubectomy, or colpectomy), little has been published about motivation, subjective experiences, and the effect on dysphoria and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this study was to acquire an in-depth understanding of patients\u2019 motivations and experienced outcomes of gynecological gender surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this qualitative study, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. Nine participants were included who were: on the waiting list for their first gynecological surgery (n\u2009=\u20092), or who had either undergone gynecological surgery as part of their transitioning (ie, hysterectomy) and were on the waiting list for another gynecological procedure (ie, colpectomy, n\u2009=\u20092), or who had undergone gynecological surgery and did not wish to undergo any further surgeries (n\u2009=\u20095). In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. Topics discussed were motivation to opt for a specific surgery, expectations, and experiences. Thematic analysis was carried out to compose themes from the interview transcripts using the concepts of body image and gender affirmation as a theoretical lens.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The primary outcomes of this study were composed themes based on thematic analysis of the interview transcripts.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Three subthemes were identified, displaying how gynecological surgeries could contribute to gender affirmation: body representation matching oneself; achieving functional congruence; and enabling further surgical transition.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study offers valuable insights for healthcare professionals in patient counseling and shared decision-making and provides a foundation for developing patient-reported outcome measures tailored to transmasculine individuals.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Strengths and Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the first qualitative report to study the motivations for and outcomes of gynecological gender-affirming surgeries in such depth; however, the results cannot be directly applied to other settings without considering the local context, including factors such as legislation and insurance policies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study highlights how gynecological surgeries, unlike more visible gender-affirming procedures like chest surgeries, address internal conflicts related to the masculine identity by altering the body\u2019s functioning, thereby playing an important role in the process of gender affirmation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jsxmed\/qdae183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T22:53:22Z","timestamp":1736463202000},"page":"517-525","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gynecological gender-affirming surgeries: what are the motivations and experiences? A qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3518-7576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asra","family":"Vestering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development , Amsterdam 1105AZ ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4382-7000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim C","family":"van de Grift","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4532-4829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Freek A","family":"Groenman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development , Amsterdam 1105AZ ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8248-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith A F","family":"Huirne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development , Amsterdam 1105AZ ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9713-4835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baudewijntje P C","family":"Kreukels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0805-2994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norah M","family":"van Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development , Amsterdam 1105AZ ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center , Amsterdam 1018HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"sup1","key":"2025041108412004700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2022.2100644","article-title":"Standards of Care for the Health of transgender and gender diverse people, version 8","volume":"23","author":"Coleman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Transgender Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025041108412004700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-018-9459-y","article-title":"Quality of life of treatment-seeking transgender adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Nobili","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025041108412004700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3363","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-5333-8","article-title":"Robot-assisted laparoscopic colpectomy in female-to-male transgender patients; 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