{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T00:18:12Z","timestamp":1762647492173,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although dating apps are the preferred means of meeting sexual and romantic partners, users frequently experience disappointment, highlighting the importance of understanding self-presentation strategies and selection processes to mitigate negative experiences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examines self-presentation strategies in Tinder profile pictures, aiming to identify typological patterns, characterize common profile-building strategies, and analyze differences by age, gender, and sexual orientation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We employed a mixed dimensional approach\u2014both categorical and numerical\u2014to characterize and categorize 1000 Tinder profile pictures. A descriptive category set was developed to analyze key picture elements, and a not-safe-for-work nudity index was computed using an open-source neural network. We then applied K-means clustering to identify patterns in the data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main outcome measures included the clustering distribution of profile picture types and their associations with demographic variables (Standardized Pearson Residuals).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our analysis identified nine prototypical Tinder profile image categories, confirming the presence of stereotypical patterns in self-presentation. Additionally, we found statistically significant associations between profile clustering and user demographics, particularly age, gender, and sexual orientation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stereotyped self-disclosure in dating apps may hinder partner selection by reinforcing social biases related to age, gender, and sexual orientation, with potential consequences for sexual and couple therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Strengths &amp; limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Key strengths include the use of a large and diverse dataset, robust cluster validation techniques, and a novel approach to analyzing self-presentation on dating apps. Limitations, however, include potential biases due to the categorical nature of the data, difficulties in capturing individual nuances in self-presentation, and the inability to account for Tinder algorithm influences on image use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clustering techniques provide an empirical framework for identifying stereotypical self-presentation patterns and demographic differences, which could be extended to analyzing written descriptions and partner selection mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jsxmed\/qdaf245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T11:41:26Z","timestamp":1756467686000},"page":"2082-2095","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stereotypical love: a cluster analysis of self-presentation strategies in tinder profile pictures"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8148-1456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Garc\u00eda-Alam\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of Catalonia , Rambla de Poblenou 154-156, 08018, Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1584-0171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergi","family":"Blanco-Cuaresma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Energy Astrophysics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , Cambridge, MA 02138 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Faculty of Psychology , UniDistance Suisse, Brig,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Montesano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of Catalonia , Rambla de Poblenou 154-156, 08018, Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2025110819141974200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444814543164","article-title":"Social norms and self-presentation on social network sites: profile work in action","volume":"18","author":"Uski","year":"2016","journal-title":"New Media Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025110819141974200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2006.00020.x","article-title":"Managing impressions online: Self-Presentation processes in the online dating environment","volume":"11","author":"Ellison","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Comput-Mediat Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025110819141974200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2001.tb02879.x","article-title":"Developing an optimal match within online communities: an exploration of CMC support communities and traditional support","volume":"51","author":"Turner","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025110819141974200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009365096023001001","article-title":"Computer-mediated communication: impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction","volume":"23","author":"Walther","year":"1996","journal-title":"Commun Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025110819141974200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2024.0231","article-title":"Who Am I inside the screen? 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