{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T13:04:06Z","timestamp":1769691846059,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Schistosomiasis in non-immune travellers can cause acute schistosomiasis, a multi-systemic hypersensitivity reaction. Little is known regarding acute schistosomiasis in children. We describe acute schistosomiasis in paediatric travellers and compare them with adult travellers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study of paediatric travellers (0\u201318\u00a0years old) diagnosed with schistosomiasis at Sheba Medical Center. Patients\u2019 findings are compared with those of adult travellers from the same travel groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>in total, 18 children and 24 adults from five different trips to Tanzania, Uganda, Nigeria and Laos were infected (90% of the exposed travellers). The median bathing time of the infected children was 30\u00a0min (interquartile range (IQR) 15\u201330\u00a0min). The most common presentations were respiratory symptoms in 13 (72%), eosinophilia in 13 (72%) and fever in 11 (61%). Acute illness included a median of 2.5 symptoms. Three children required hospitalization and three were asymptomatic. Fatigue was significantly less common in children compared with similarly exposed adults (33% vs 71%, P\u2009=\u20090.03). Rates of hospitalization and steroid treatment were similar. The median eosinophil count in children was 1045 cells\/\u03bcl (IQR 625\u20132575), lower than adults [2900 cells\/\u03bcl (IQR 1170\u20134584)], P\u2009=\u20090.02.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children may develop acute schistosomiasis following short exposure to contaminated freshwater, demonstrating a high infection rate. Severity seems to be similar to adults, although children report fatigue less commonly and show lower eosinophil counts. The disease should be suspected in children with multi-systemic illness and in asymptomatic children with relevant travel history.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taaa238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T12:11:40Z","timestamp":1608639100000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Acute schistosomiasis in paediatric travellers and comparison with their companion adults"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Shira","family":"Rabinowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children\u2019s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eyal","family":"Leshem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel"},{"name":"The Center for Travel Medicine and Tropical Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eli","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel"},{"name":"The Center for Travel Medicine and Tropical Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121119070781300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(00)00122-4","article-title":"The global status of schistosomiasis and its control","volume":"77","author":"Chitsulo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"2021121119070781300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61949-2","article-title":"Human 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