{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T02:39:44Z","timestamp":1785465584016,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine of Antwerp"},{"name":"Royal Higher Institute for Defense Brussels"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The purpose of this exploratory study was to evaluate different accelerated tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccine schedules for last-minute travellers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a single-centre, open-label pilot study, 77 TBE-na\u00efve Belgian soldiers were randomized to one of the following five schedules with FSME-Immun\u00ae: group 1 (\u2018classical accelerated\u2019 schedule) received one intramuscular (IM) dose at Day 0 and Day 14, group 2 two IM doses at Day 0, group 3 two intradermal (ID) doses at Day 0, group 4 two ID doses at Day 0 and Day 7 and group 5 two ID doses at Day 0 and Day 14. The last dose(s) of the primary vaccination scheme were given after 1 year: IM (1 dose) or ID (2 doses). TBE virus neutralizing antibodies were measured in a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT90 and 50) at Days 0, 14, 21, 28, Months 3, 6, 12 and 12+21 days. Seropositivity was defined as neutralizing antibody titres \u226510.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The median age was 19\u201319.5 years in each group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Median time to seropositivity up to Day 28 was shortest for PRNT90 in ID-group 4 and for PRNT50 in all ID groups. Seroconversion until Day 28 peaked highest for PRNT90 in ID-group 4 (79%) and for PRNT50 in ID-groups 4 and 5 (both 100%). Seropositivity after the last vaccination after 12 months was high in all groups. Previous yellow fever vaccination was reported in 16% and associated with lower geometric mean titres of TBE-specific antibodies at all-time points.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The vaccine was generally well tolerated. However, mild to moderate local reactions occurred in 73\u2013100% of ID compared with 0\u201338% of IM vaccinations, and persistent discolouration was observed in nine ID vaccinated individuals.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The accelerated two-visit ID schedules might offer a better immunological alternative to the recommended classical accelerated IM schedule, but an aluminium-free vaccine would be preferable.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taad053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T13:45:09Z","timestamp":1681911909000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Five accelerated schedules for the tick-borne encephalitis vaccine FSME-Immun\u00ae in last-minute travellers: an open-label, single-centre, randomized controlled pilot trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Nicole","family":"Berens-Riha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, , Antwerp,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"University of Antwerp Department of Biomedical Sciences, , Antwerp,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Andries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Diseases, Queen Astrid Military Hospital , Brussels,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annelies","family":"Aerssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghent University Hospital Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quentin","family":"Ledure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy, Queen Astrid Military Hospital , Brussels,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yolien","family":"Van Der Beken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Queen Astrid Military Hospital , Brussels,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Heyndrickx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine Virology Unit, , Antwerp,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Els","family":"Genbrugge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, , Antwerp,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Achilleas","family":"Tsoumanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, , Antwerp,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yven","family":"Van Herrewege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, , Antwerp,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin K","family":"Ari\u00ebn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Antwerp Department of Biomedical Sciences, , Antwerp,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine Virology Unit, , Antwerp,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martine","family":"Van Innis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy, Queen Astrid Military Hospital , Brussels,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Vanbrabant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Diseases, Queen Astrid Military Hospital , Brussels,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Soentjens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, , Antwerp,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Centre for Infectious Diseases, Queen Astrid Military Hospital , Brussels,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"FASTBEPROTECT Research Team","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An","family":"Spiessens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanne","family":"Landuyt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emeline","family":"de Viron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristy","family":"Zaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Dooms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Djebara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrijn","family":"Ghoos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Michiels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betty","family":"Willems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jozefien","family":"Buyze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Damanet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrien","family":"De Koninck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mony","family":"Hing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annelies","family":"De Hondt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref1","author":"ECDC. Factsheet about tick-borne encephalitis (TBE)"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.23802","article-title":"Epidemiology of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Europe and its prevention by available vaccines","volume":"9","author":"Amicizia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2407.180059","article-title":"Virus RNA load in patients with tick-borne encephalitis","volume":"24","author":"Saksida","year":"2018","journal-title":"Slovenia Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2019.01.014","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis in Europe and Russia: review of pathogenesis, clinical features, therapy, and vaccines","volume":"164","author":"Ruzek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0906.030007","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis with hemorrhagic syndrome, Novosibirsk region, Russia, 1999","volume":"9","author":"Ternovoi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v3.i5.430","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis: a review of epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and management","volume":"3","author":"Bogovic","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2694","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2016.1218098","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis: what travelers should know when visiting an endemic country","volume":"12","author":"Chrdle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-019-0133-5","article-title":"Pre-existing yellow fever immunity impairs and modulates the antibody response to tick-borne encephalitis vaccination","volume":"6","author":"Bradt","year":"2019","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00814-9","article-title":"History of TBE vaccines","volume":"1","author":"Barrett","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.07.089","article-title":"Prevention of tick-borne encephalitis by FSME-IMMUN vaccines: review of a clinical development programme","volume":"29","author":"Loew-Baselli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.07.024","article-title":"Vaccines against tick-borne encephalitis: WHO position paper--recommendations","volume":"29","author":"Who Publication","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref12","volume-title":"Vaccination against Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE)","author":"Superior Health Council","year":"2019"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890190109","article-title":"Different immune responses after\u00a0intradermal\u00a0and intramuscular administration of\u00a0vaccine\u00a0against\u00a0tick-borne\u00a0encephalitis\u00a0virus","volume":"19","author":"Zoulek","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)90809-2","article-title":"Immune response to single dose, multisite, intradermal\u00a0and to intramuscular administration of\u00a0vaccine\u00a0against\u00a0tick-borne\u00a0encephalitis\u00a0virus","volume":"2","author":"Zoulek","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.10.028","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination: applying the most suitable vaccination schedule","volume":"25","author":"Sch\u00f6ndorf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549609037934","article-title":"Hepatitis A vaccination by intracutaneous low dose administration: a less expensive alternative","volume":"28","author":"Carlsson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2020.1757990","article-title":"Evervac: phase I\/II study of immunogenicity and safety of a new adjuvant-free TBE vaccine cultivated in Vero cell culture","volume":"16","author":"Vorovitch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3390\/v15020281","article-title":"Differences in genetic diversity of mammalian tick-borne flaviviruses","volume":"15","author":"Carpio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9557","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00080-06","article-title":"Cryptic properties of a cluster of dominant\u00a0flavivirus\u00a0cross-reactive antigenic sites","volume":"80","author":"Stiasny","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00860","article-title":"Obesity and sex affect the immune responses to tick-borne encephalitis booster\u00a0vaccination","volume":"27","author":"Garner-Spitzer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-100616-060718","article-title":"Sex\u00a0and\u00a0gender\u00a0differences in the\u00a0outcomes\u00a0of\u00a0vaccination\u00a0over the life course","volume":"6","author":"Flanagan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"2024102415431954300_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz176","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine failures: a 10-year retrospective study supporting the rationale for adding an extra priming dose in individuals starting at age 50 years","volume":"70","author":"Hansson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Travel Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jtm\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jtm\/taad053\/50211994\/taad053.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jtm\/article-pdf\/31\/7\/taad053\/59887950\/taad053.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jtm\/article-pdf\/31\/7\/taad053\/59887950\/taad053.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T15:43:39Z","timestamp":1729784619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jtm\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jtm\/taad053\/7130284"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jtm\/taad053","relation":{},"ISSN":["1195-1982","1708-8305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1195-1982","type":"print"},{"value":"1708-8305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"article-number":"taad053"}}