{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T01:47:51Z","timestamp":1788918471087,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"NHMRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1193826"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1193826"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and blood-borne viruses (BBVs) impose a global health and economic burden. International travellers facilitate the spread of infectious diseases, including STIs. Hence, this review assessed the prevalence\/proportionate morbidity of travellers with STIs and sexually transmitted BBVs and factors associated with the infection in this population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase and Cochrane Library were searched from inception of the databases until November 2022. Published analytical observational studies reporting the prevalence\/proportionate morbidity of travellers with STIs and factors associated with STIs by type of traveller [i.e. tourists, business travellers, students, visiting friends or relatives (VFRs), international truck drivers, backpackers, expatriates and men who have sex with men (MSM)] were included. The selection of articles, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted by two independent reviewers. Meta-analyses were conducted for each STI by clinical presentation and type of traveller.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty-two studies (n =\u00a0387\u2009731 travellers) were included; 19 evaluated the proportionate morbidity of STIs among symptomatic travellers, while 13 examined the prevalence of STIs in asymptomatic travellers. The highest proportionate morbidity was found among VFRs (syphilis, 1.67%; 95% CI: 1.03\u20132.81%), backpackers (Chlamydia trachomatis, 6.58%; 95% CI: 5.96\u20137.25%) and MSM (HIV [2.50%;95% CI: 0.44\u201312.88%], gonorrhoea [4.17%; 95% CI: 1.1.5\u201313.98%], lymphogranuloma venereum [4.17%;95% CI: 1.1.5\u201313.98%] and HAV [20.0%; 95% CI: 14.99\u201326.17%]). The highest prevalence of STIs among asymptomatic were found in MSM (HIV [25.94%; 95% CI: 22.21\u201330.05%] and HBV [24.90%; 95% CI: 21.23\u201328.96%]) and backpackers (C. trachomatis, 3.92%; 95% CI: 2.72\u20135.32%). Short duration of the trip (&amp;lt;1\u00a0month), not having pre-travel consultation, travelling to Southeast Asia and being unvaccinated for HBV were identified as risk factors for STIs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Strategies to prevent STIs and sexually transmitted BBVs should be discussed at pre-travel consultations, and recommendations should be prioritized in high-risk groups of travellers, such as backpackers, VFRs and MSMs. Additionally, healthcare providers should tailor recommendations for safe sex practices to individual travellers\u2019 unique needs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taae038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T07:01:59Z","timestamp":1709276519000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A systematic review and meta-analysis of sexually transmitted infections and blood-borne viruses in travellers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4348-591X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wondimeneh","family":"Shiferaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UQ Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"},{"name":"Asrat Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University , Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatris Mario","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UQ Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith A","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UQ Poche Centre for Indigenous Health , Faculty of Health, and Behavioural Sciences, , Toowong , Australia"},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Health, and Behavioural Sciences, , Toowong , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UQ Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"},{"name":"Dr Deb The Travel Doctor, Travel Medicine Alliance , Brisbane , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UQ Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UQ Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gladstone Road Medical Centre , Brisbane , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herston Health Sciences Library, The University of Queensland , Herston , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Furuya-Kanamori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UQ Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Herston , Australia"},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of 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