{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T07:10:02Z","timestamp":1768633802334,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Barriers to access to care, different diagnostic strategies and low awareness remain challenging issues in the fight against schistosomiasis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Our study aims to examine management of schistosomiasis in migrants attending large tertiary hospitals in Italy, in order to call for a comprehensive approach.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective review of schistosomiasis cases was carried out between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, in five large Infectious Disease Centers in Italy. We included all patients diagnosed with schistosomiasis. We differentiated among (i) asymptomatic patients diagnosed by serology either as healthy \u2018migrant evaluation\u2019 or as \u2018late evaluation\u2019 in patients followed because of a different infection and (ii) patients tested because of a suggestive clinical presentation. Patients characteristics and clinical data were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>One hundred forty-nine patients were included, 137 (91.9%) were male, the median age was 26\u00a0years and 70% of them came from Sub-Saharan Africa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty-eight asymptomatic patients (25.5%) were diagnosed by serology [15, (10.1%) among \u2018migrant evaluation\u2019 and 23 (15.4%) among \u2018late evaluation\u2019 group], and 111 (74.5%) presented with signs\/symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The median diagnostic delay from arrival in Italy was 31\u00a0months: 110 for asymptomatic group and 16\u00a0months for symptomatic patients. Among the 111 symptomatic patients, 41 individuals were already followed in our clinics, and they never underwent screening before appearance of evident disease. Among patients with positive serology who were tested by microscopy, 32\/86 (37.2%) had confirmed diagnosis. Forty-five (37.8%) patients presented radiologic abnormalities. Praziquantel was the treatment of choice (70.1% for 3\u00a0days and 29.9% in a single-day dose), and 77 (51.7%) were lost to follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In our centers, a high proportion of patients were tested late after arrival, and most of them presented with clinical apparent disease. Well-defined strategies and implementation of recent guidelines are needed to improve early diagnosis and to overcome heterogeneity of practice.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taz075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]],"date-time":"2019-10-09T19:27:49Z","timestamp":1570649269000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Delay in schistosomiasis diagnosis and treatment: a multicenter cohort study in Italy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Agnese","family":"Comelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niccol\u00f2","family":"Riccardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Canetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Spinicci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Cenderello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, EO Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, ASL-1 Imperiese, Sanremo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Magro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura Ambra","family":"Nicolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Marchese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Zammarchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Castelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bartoloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Di Biagio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"Caligaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Gaiera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 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