{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:19:00Z","timestamp":1788347940163,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health"},{"name":"Ricerca Corrente Neglected Diseases of the Italian Ministry of Health to National Institute for Infectious Diseases"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In recent years, an increasing number of individuals affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have been observed in Italy, due to migration, international travels and climate changes. Reliable data on the current NTD epidemiology in Italy and the health system preparedness on this issue are not available.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We report the results of a survey on selected NTDs (schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, echinococcosis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, cysticercosis, filariasis and scabies) in nine Italian sentinel centres, in order to investigate their occurrence throughout the country and identify which ones are a priority for public health interventions, development of protocols for case management, and training activities. To explore the preparedness of the centres, we investigate the availability of specific diagnostic tools and drugs, needed for the management of the most common NTDs. We also reviewed and summarized the available national policies, recommendations and guidelines on NTDs in Italy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overall, 4123 NTDs cases were diagnosed in nine Italian centres within a 7-year period (2011\u20132017). Schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis were the most common NTDs, accounting for about one-third each of all the diagnosed cases, followed by Chagas disease. The number of cases showed a significant trend to increase over time, mainly due to foreign-born subjects. Serology for Schistosoma spp. and Strongyloides stercoralis was available in seven and five centres, respectively. Agar plate stool culture for S. stercoralis was available in three sites. Ivermectin and praziquantel were always available in six centres. Six national policies, recommendations and guidelines documents were available, but for the most part, they are not fully implemented yet.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This survey showed how some NTDs, such as schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis, are becoming more common in Italy, due to multiple components. A list of seven key actions was proposed, in order to improve diagnosis, management and control of NTDs in Italy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taz100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T12:10:32Z","timestamp":1575979832000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis and Chagas disease: the leading imported neglected tropical diseases in Italy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0892-8404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Zammarchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University and Hospital, Florence, 37024, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Gobbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious-Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, I.R.C.C.S., Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona 37024, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Angheben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious-Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, I.R.C.C.S., Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona 37024, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Spinicci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University and Hospital, Florence, 37024, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora","family":"Buonfrate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious-Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, I.R.C.C.S., Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona 37024, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Calleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale Amedeo di Savoia, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Turin, 10149, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirella","family":"De Paola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale Amedeo di Savoia, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Turin, 10149, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazario","family":"Bevilacqua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases I.R.C.C.S. L. Spallanzani, Rome 00149, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Carrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases I.R.C.C.S. L. Spallanzani, Rome 00149, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"Attard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Vanino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Gulletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili General Hospital, Brescia, 25123, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Festa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili General Hospital, Brescia, 25123, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Iacovazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C. Malattie Infettive ASL BA, P.O. Fallacara, Triggiano, Bari 70019, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Grimaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C. Laboratorio di Ricerche Chimico-Cliniche e Microbiologiche ASL BA, P.O. Fallacara, Triggiano, Bari 70019, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Sepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASL Benevento, Benevento, 82100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Salomone Megna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Gaetano Rummo Hospital, Benevento, 82100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Gaiera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, S. Raffaele Hospital, Milano, 00144, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Castagna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, S. Raffaele Hospital, Milano, 00144, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Parodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Rome, 00144, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Albonico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious-Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, I.R.C.C.S., Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona 37024, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, 10123, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeno","family":"Bisoffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious-Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, I.R.C.C.S., Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona 37024, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Castelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili General Hospital, Brescia, 25123, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Olliaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7LG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bartoloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University and Hospital, Florence, 37024, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref1","volume-title":"Working to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases. 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Popolazione residente e bilancio demografico al 31 dicembre 2017, Italia","author":"Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (ISTAT)","year":"2018"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref8","volume-title":"Turism highlights 2018 edition","author":"WTO (UNWTO)","year":"2018"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref9","volume-title":"Viaggi e vacanze all\u2019estero e in Italia","author":"Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (ISTAT)","year":"2017"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref10"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref11"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20535","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2013.18.29.20535","article-title":"The burden of visceral leishmaniasis in Italy from 1982 to 2012: a retrospective analysis of the multi-annual epidemic that occurred from 1989 to 2009","volume":"18","author":"Gramiccia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005771","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005771","article-title":"The disease burden of human cystic echinococcosis based on hdrs from 2001 to 2014 in Italy","volume":"11","author":"Piseddu","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.31.30310","article-title":"Epidemiology of strongyloides stercoralis in northern Italy: results of a multicentre case-control study, february 2013 to july 2014","volume":"21","author":"Buonfrate","year":"2016","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2015.04.008","article-title":"Admissions for imported and non-imported parasitic diseases at a general hospital in Spain: a retrospective analysis","volume":"13","author":"Girone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e762","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000762","article-title":"Neglected tropical diseases outside the tropics","volume":"4","author":"Norman","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2018.04.011","article-title":"Congenital chagas disease in a non-endemic area: results from a control programme in Bergamo province, Northern Italy","volume":"25","author":"Rodari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"2020020603031405000_ref18","first-page":"e12950","article-title":"Post-transplant liver graft schistosomiasis in a migrant from sub-saharan africa. 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