{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T02:40:07Z","timestamp":1774579207975,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009449","name":"Petplan Charitable Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S23-1204-1243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S23-1204-1243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009449","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Limited information is available on the long-term prognostic outcome of chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) in dogs with serum albumin concentrations \u226520\u00a0g\/L.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assess prognostic factors for dogs with CIE without moderate to severe hypoalbuminemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy-eight client-owned dogs with CIE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study of CIE cases with concurrent duodenal and colonic endoscopic biopsy specimens reviewed by a board-certified veterinary pathologist. Outcome data was collected via an electronic questionnaire distributed to referring veterinary practices. Univariable binary logistic regression assessed associations between clinicopathologic variables and gastrointestinal (GI)-related death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Food-responsive enteropathy (FRE, 48.3%) was the most common CIE treatment subtype, followed by immunosuppressive-responsive enteropathy (IRE, 30%) and non-responsive enteropathy (NRE, 21.7%). Food-responsive enteropathy carried the best outcome (0 GI-related deaths; IRE, 4 GI-related deaths; NRE, 9 GI-related deaths), highest remission rate (89.7%; IRE, 44.4%) and longest median follow-up time (1258\u00a0days; IRE, 572\u00a0days; NRE, 260\u00a0days). Age (odds ratio [OR], 1.015; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1-1.030), weight loss (OR, 5.37; 95% CI, 1.301-22.172), hypocobalaminemia (OR, 6.286; 95% CI, 1.45-27.250), alanine aminotransferase activity (OR, 4.317; 95% CI, 1.182-15.760), duodenal histopathological composite score (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.043-1.545), duodenal lacteal dilatation (OR, 6.647; 95% CI, 2.052-20.389), duodenal crypt dilatation (OR, 3.036; 95% CI, 1.185-7.77), and intraepithelial lymphocytes (OR, 2.602; 95% CI, 1.023-6.26) were significantly positively associated with GI-related death, with vomiting being protective (OR, 0.189; 95% CI, 0.05-0.715).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histopathologic variables were associated with outcome in non- to mildly hypoalbuminemic dogs with CIE, indicating their potential as prognostic markers, as well as possible roles in guiding treatment and monitoring disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jvimsj\/aalaf060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T09:03:16Z","timestamp":1768986196000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Chronic inflammatory enteropathy without moderate to severe hypoalbuminemia: long-term outcome in 60 dogs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Caulfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon L","family":"Priestnall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, United 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