{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T12:38:11Z","timestamp":1770813491949,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":38,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cytarabine arabinoside (CA) is commonly used at 200\u00a0mg\/m2 to treat dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin (MUO); use of higher doses is anecdotally reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the clinical outcome in 43 dogs with MUO receiving 600\u00a0mg\/m2 CA. We hypothesized that high dose CA would be well tolerated, that the majority of dogs with MUO would achieve sustained remission, and that dogs with spinal cord-only MUO or presumptive necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME) would carry a more guarded prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-three client-owned dogs with MUO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective observational study. Medical records were reviewed at a private practice over a 2.5-year period to identify dogs with MUO with clinical signs &amp;lt;14\u00a0days and neurological examination and MRI abnormalities suggestive of moderate to severe disease (mild cases excluded). All dogs received 600\u00a0mg\/m2 CA every 3\u20136\u00a0weeks for a minimum of 6\u00a0months or until death. Minimum follow up time was 24\u00a0months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-three out of twenty-five (92%) dogs without spinal cord MUO, presumptive NME, or death from other diseases survived &amp;gt;24\u00a0months (median 1027\u00a0days, range 770\u20131277\u00a0days). Thirteen out of forty-three (30%) dogs were euthanized due to poor disease control (median 17\u00a0days, range 1\u2013340\u00a0days), including 5\/10 (50%) dogs with spinal cord only MUO and 5\/5 (100%) dogs with presumptive NME. No serious adverse events were noted with 600\u00a0mg\/m2 CA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six hundred mg\/m2 CA was well tolerated and effectively controlled disease in most dogs with MUO. Response rate was lower for dogs with spinal cord MUO or presumptive NME.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jvimsj\/aalaf082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T12:41:34Z","timestamp":1770554494000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of 600 mg\/m2 cytarabine arabinoside as treatment for meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin in 43 dogs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Kara","family":"Majors","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wheat Ridge Animal Hospital , Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1148-2589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel D","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ethos Discovery (501c3) , Westborough, MA 01581 ,","place":["United 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