{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:06:49Z","timestamp":1792786009133,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"China Hefei Pet Chief Expert Studio"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Feline hepatic lipidosis (FHL) lacks well-defined metabolic biomarkers and mechanistic understanding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clarify the metabolic biomarkers and mechanisms of FHL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two groups of cats were analyzed: 14 cats (7 FHL cases and 7 healthy controls) for liver metabolomics, and 60 cats (10 FHL cases and 50 healthy controls) for blood 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB) testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hepatic lipidosis was confirmed by histopathological assessment and ultrasonography. Untargeted metabolomics was performed using gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (GC\u2013MS) and liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (LC\u2013MS), with pathway analysis using MetaboAnalyst 5.0. Serum 3-HB was quantified using an enzymatic assay. Statistical analysis included principal component analysis, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, cross-validation, permutation tests, and F\u2081 score evaluation for model validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry identified four metabolites with variable importance in projection &amp;gt;\u20091 (bootstrap 95% stability range, 0.9-1.3) and\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.05, whereas LC\u2013MS identified 243 differentially abundant metabolites (101 upregulated, 142 downregulated), with 19 demonstrating diagnostic potential (area under the curve [AUC] &amp;gt;\u20090.7). Pathway analysis identified perturbations in vitamin B6 metabolism (P\u00a0=\u00a0.003) and fructose\/mannose metabolism (P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001). Serum 3-HB underwent analytical validation in 60 specimens (10 FHL cases, 50 healthy controls), which identified concordant hepatic and systemic increases in FHL. At the optimal cutoff (&amp;gt;2.43\u00a0mmol\/L), it achieved an AUC of 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65-1.00) with 92% sensitivity (95% CI, 89%-100%) and 88% specificity (95% CI, 74%-100%) in distinguishing FHL from normal liver under controlled laboratory conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preliminary data suggest FHL involves dysregulated fatty acid and vitamin B6 metabolism. Although serum 3-HB shows promise, future studies should include disease controls (eg, cholangitis, hepatitis) to establish specificity. These findings provide foundational insights for mechanistic research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jvimsj\/aalaf091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T16:45:50Z","timestamp":1770137150000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Preliminary metabolic characterization of hepatic lipidosis in cats using liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry and gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry: pathway insights and candidate biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Ruru","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University , jinzhong 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