{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T02:50:03Z","timestamp":1781837403711,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hypercalcemia associated with granulomatous disease in dogs can present a diagnostic challenge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Excessive endogenous, extrarenal calcitriol production is a potential mechanism of ionized hypercalcemia in dogs with granulomatous skin conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hypercalcemic client-owned dogs (n\u00a0=\u00a07) with chronic skin disease seen in general and specialty practices with calcium profiles submitted to a university veterinary diagnostic laboratory by the attending clinician.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive case series reporting clinical presentation, laboratory findings, treatment, and outcome of 7 hypercalcemic dogs with dermatopathies of varying etiology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Panniculitis was confirmed histologically in 5 dogs (idiopathic, n\u00a0=\u00a04; presumed bacterial, n\u00a0=\u00a01). The other 2 dogs had severe generalized demodicosis (n\u00a0=\u00a01) and demodectic\/sarcoptic mange with superficial and deep pyoderma (n\u00a0=\u00a01). Initial testing showed clinically relevant parathyroid-independent ionized hypercalcemia, undetectable parathyroid hormone-related protein concentration, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration close to or below the lower reference limit in all dogs. Calcitriol concentration was above reference interval in 6 dogs at initial testing, and near the upper reference limit in 1 dog 29\u00a0days after presentation. In all cases, normalization of calcium and vitamin D homeostasis paralleled clinical improvement with appropriate therapy for the underlying skin condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ionized hypercalcemia apparently mediated by excessive extrarenal calcitriol production can be seen in dogs with granulomatous skin disease. Calcitriol measurement should be included with other calcium-related testing in the workup of unexplained hypercalcemia with concurrent chronic skin disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jvimsj\/aalag038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T21:16:01Z","timestamp":1773263761000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Endogenous calcitriol production and ionized hypercalcemia in 7 dogs with chronic dermatopathy of infectious and noninfectious etiology (2016-2024)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Jean M","family":"Brudvig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University , Lansing, MI ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7726-6307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel 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