{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T15:41:06Z","timestamp":1776786066888,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":38,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation Oak Award","award":["2623"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2623"]}]},{"name":"American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine Cardiology Diplomate Grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association of plasma cortisol concentration with prognosis for dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF) is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether higher plasma cortisol concentration was independently associated with greater risk of cardiac mortality in dogs with CHF. Additional study aims were to evaluate the associations between other clinical, neurohormonal, and echocardiographic indices and cardiac mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-one client-owned dogs with CHF secondary to myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective cohort observational study. Plasma cortisol measurement, urine cortisol-to-creatinine ratio, renal function test results, serum electrolytes, biomarkers of the renin\u2013angiotensin\u2013aldosterone system, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and echocardiography were performed in dogs with MMVD at first onset of CHF. Plasma cortisol was repeated 7-14\u00a0days later. Association between plasma cortisol and other covariates with survival was determined using a proportional hazards regression model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma cortisol concentration was not associated with cardiac (P\u00a0=\u00a0.112; hazard ratio [HR] 1.01; 95% CI, 0.998-1.02) or all-cause mortality (P\u00a0=\u00a0.143; HR 1.01; 95% CI, 0.998-1.02). Treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (P\u00a0=\u00a0.021; HR 0.058; 95% CI, 0.0052-0.66) was associated with longer survival to cardiac mortality. Treatment with spironolactone (P\u00a0=\u00a0.038; HR 0.36; 95% CI, 0.14-0.94), percent fractional shortening (P\u00a0=\u00a0.034; HR 0.0018; 95% CI, 5.44 \u00d7 10\u22126 to 0.61), and lower serum potassium (P\u00a0=\u00a0.048; HR 2.07; 95% CI, 1.01-4.27) at diagnosis were associated with longer survival to all-cause mortality. Spironolactone treatment at baseline was associated with all-cause mortality on multivariable regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma cortisol concentrations were not associated with cardiac mortality in this sample of dogs with CHF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jvimsj\/aalag063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T13:44:50Z","timestamp":1775915090000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prognostic value of plasma cortisol concentration in dogs with congestive heart failure"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2501-7699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison K","family":"Masters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, MN ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0997-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan P","family":"Mochel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SMART Pharmacology Laboratory, Precision One Health Initiative, University of Georgia , Athens, GA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0267-9726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiazhang","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SMART Pharmacology Laboratory, Precision One Health Initiative, University of Georgia , Athens, GA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4622-1146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Handel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia , Athens, GA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5264-4903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa A","family":"Tropf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University , Ames, IA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie J","family":"Hezzell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol , Langford House, Langford, Bristol ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University , Ames, IA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei-Jyun","family":"Ciou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University , Ames, IA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9153-7916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica L","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University , Ames, IA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026042110472645500_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.82.5.1730","article-title":"Hormones regulating cardiovascular function in patients with severe congestive heart failure and their relation to mortality. 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