{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:04:24Z","timestamp":1789729464340,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Trilostane is the treatment of choice for pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism (PDH) in dogs, but predictors of a poor response are unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify variables associated with a poor response to trilostane in dogs with PDH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-three dogs with PDH treated with trilostane.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study. Clinical, clinicopathological, endocrine, ultrasonographic, and treatment data were reviewed. Dogs were classified as good responders (GRs) or nonresponders (NRs) based on clinical outcomes after 4-8\u00a0months of trilostane treatment. The primary outcome was treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen dogs were GRs and 8 were NRs. At diagnosis, GRs had lower alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (median [IQR] 182 [70-251] vs 330 [224-578] U\/L; P\u00a0=\u00a0.004), eACTH (14.4 [9.25-29.13] vs 49.2 [34.35-62.35] pg\/mL; P\u00a0=\u00a0.007), and pre-ACTH cortisol (4.28 [3.07-6.52] vs 9.0 [6.57-19.40] \u03bcg\/dL; P\u00a0=\u00a0.019) than NRs. Bilateral adrenomegaly was more frequent in NRs (8\/8) than in GRs (9\/15; P\u00a0=\u00a0.007). At T1, NRs required more rechecks (median [IQR] 7 [6-7] vs 3 [3-5]; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001) and higher trilostane doses (3.25 [3-5.75] vs 1.22 [0.66-1.60] mg\/kg q12h; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001). After false discovery rate adjustment, ALT, eACTH, alopecia, and bilateral adrenomegaly remained significant (q\u00a0=\u00a00.047 for each). All GRs achieved complete clinical resolution within 4\u00a0months of treatment initiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher baseline ALT, eACTH, and pre-ACTH cortisol, as well as bilateral adrenomegaly, were associated with a poor response to trilostane. A lack of improvement by 4-8\u00a0months and the need for higher doses or more rechecks supports early therapeutic reassessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jvimsj\/aalag096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T11:25:35Z","timestamp":1779621935000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of clinical, ultrasonographic, and clinicopathological findings in dogs with pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism and poor trilostane response"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Stefania","family":"Golinelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna , Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia, Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Fracassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna , Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia, Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"del Baldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna , Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia, Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo Oliveira","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIISA \u2013 Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon , Lisbon ,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascaline","family":"Pey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna , Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia, Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Antech Imaging Services , Irvine, CA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward C","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California , Davis, CA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091806262996000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2019.105342","article-title":"Diagnosis of spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism in dogs. 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