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Clinical examination, bloodwork, echocardiography, electrocardiography, thoracic and abdominal computed tomography scans, and pericardial fluid analysis including culture and sensitivity did not identify any cardiovascular, endocrine, neoplastic, or infectious causes of the pericardial effusion. Pericardial fluid analysis identified high cholesterol concentrations and numerous cholesterol crystals on cytology, supporting a diagnosis of cholesterol pericarditis. Subtotal pericardiectomy was performed 7\u00a0weeks later to address pericardial and pleural effusions. Histopathological pericardial biopsies identified pericarditis with no neoplastic tissue detected. A pleural port was placed 4\u00a0months later to manage recurrent pleural effusion. Elective euthanasia was performed 10\u00a0weeks later citing a compromised quality of life from increasingly frequent bouts of dyspnea. This is a case report of a dog with idiopathic cholesterol pericarditis presenting with cardiac tamponade.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jvimsj\/aalag219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:24:52Z","timestamp":1790515492000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Idiopathic cholesterol pericarditis in a dog presenting with cardiac tamponade"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3619-4049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berry","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Referral Hospital, Langford Vets, University of Bristol , Stock Lane, Langford BS40 5DU ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"AURA Veterinary , 70 Priestley Road, Guildford GU2 7AJ ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamanthi","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal 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