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Among them, endogenous production of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) has been shown to induce resistance in Arabidopsis to the hemibiotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000. \u03b2-cyanoalanine synthase (CAS-C1) is responsible for the detoxification of HCN in Arabidopsis mitochondria. Here, we show that green fluorescent protein-tagged CAS-C1 is transiently reduced in leaves infected with an avirulent strain of Pst during early interactions and increased in leaves infected with a virulent strain of Pst, supporting previous transcriptional data. Genetic crosses show that mutation in CAS-C1 in Arabidopsis resembles the action of the NADPH oxidase RbohD independently of reactive oxygen species production and that the accumulation of salicylic acid is required for HCN-stimulated resistance to Pst. Finally, we show that the cas-c1 mutation acts on the salicylic acid-dependent response to pathogens by mechanisms other than protein ubiquitination or the increase of monomerization and entry to the nucleus of NPR1, the central regulator of the salicylic acid-mediated response. Considering these results, we propose new mechanisms for modulation of the immune response by HCN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erab137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]],"date-time":"2021-03-24T12:20:14Z","timestamp":1616588414000},"page":"4535-4547","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Mutation in Arabidopsis \u03b2-cyanoalanine synthase overcomes NADPH oxidase action in response to pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6745-1701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"Arenas-Alfonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica Vegetal y Fotos\u00edntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Am\u00e9rico Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4272-7446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Gotor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica Vegetal y Fotos\u00edntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Am\u00e9rico Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2414-4813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis C","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica Vegetal y Fotos\u00edntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Am\u00e9rico Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7586-5664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica Vegetal y Fotos\u00edntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Am\u00e9rico Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070808335183100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5423.2148","article-title":"EIN2, a bifunctional transducer of ethylene and stress responses in Arabidopsis","volume":"284","author":"Alonso","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021070808335183100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1971.tb01633.x","article-title":"The interaction of cyanide with cytochrome oxidase","volume":"23","author":"Antonini","year":"1971","journal-title":"European Journal of Biochemistry"},{"key":"2021070808335183100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1537699","DOI":"10.1080\/15592324.2018.1537699","article-title":"Role of mitochondrial cyanide detoxification in Arabidopsis root hair development","volume":"13","author":"Arenas-Alfonseca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plant Signaling & Behavior"},{"key":"2021070808335183100_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcy047","article-title":"\u00df-Cyanoalanine synthase action in root hair elongation is exerted at early steps of the root hair elongation pathway and is independent of direct cyanide inactivation of NADPH oxidase","volume":"59","author":"Arenas-Alfonseca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plant & Cell Physiology"},{"key":"2021070808335183100_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding","volume":"72","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Analytical Biochemistry"},{"key":"2021070808335183100_CIT0006","first-page":"1489","article-title":"Cyanide restores N gene-mediated resistance to tobacco mosaic virus in transgenic tobacco expressing salicylic acid hydroxylase","volume":"10","author":"Chivasa","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Plant Cell"},{"key":"2021070808335183100_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.10.4.557","article-title":"Uncoupling PR gene expression from NPR1 and bacterial resistance: characterization of the dominant Arabidopsis cpr6-1 mutant","volume":"10","author":"Clarke","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Plant Cell"},{"key":"2021070808335183100_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.77","article-title":"Regulation of pattern recognition receptor signalling in plants","volume":"16","author":"Couto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. 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