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This review provides an updated summary of H2S signaling in plant stress responses, and discusses its uptake from external environmental sources, its endogenous biosynthesis, and its broader functions in stress adaptation. We summarize the impact of H2S on plants under various stress conditions and review the mechanisms through which it mediates signaling functions, with a particular focus on H2S-mediated protein persulfidation. In addition, we provide an overview of the current understanding of protein persulfidation in regulating physiological processes and stress responses in plants, offering both a general discussion of its effects under different stress conditions and specific examples to highlight its significance. Finally, we review recent proteomic studies on protein persulfidation in plants, comparing the identified persulfidated proteins across studies and highlighting shared biological processes and pathways. This review aims to consolidate our current understanding of H2S signaling and its roles as mediated by protein persulfidation in plants, while also offering insights to inspire future research in this rapidly evolving field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraf100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T15:22:30Z","timestamp":1741188150000},"page":"3738-3757","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Hydrogen sulfide and protein persulfidation in plant stress signaling"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0899-0120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingjian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University , Technologiepark 71, Ghent 9052 ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology , Ghent 9052 ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 ,","place":["PR China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3503-1267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanjie","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3147-0860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Van Breusegem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University , Technologiepark 71, Ghent 9052 ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology , Ghent 9052 ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4963-3162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University , Technologiepark 71, Ghent 9052 ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology , Ghent 9052 ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090219524908900_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-03-01066.1996","article-title":"The possible role of 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