{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T21:54:59Z","timestamp":1789422899272,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LP210200606"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LP210200606"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001770","name":"Southern Cross University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001770","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cannabis sativa is a dioecious crop whose agricultural productivity is linked to its sex expression. In a medicinal context, only female flowers produce an abundance of glandular trichomes responsible for producing valuable cannabinoids. Thus, understanding sex-determining factors is vital in C. sativa crop improvement for specific end uses. Although an X\/Y sex chromosome system determines sex, manipulating ethylene pathways can alter sex expression. We used comparative RNA-seq and metabolite analysis on floral tissue to explore the regulation of male-to-female sex reversion and changes in secondary metabolite production induced by the ethylene donor ethephon. Differentially expressed gene analysis revealed significant alterations in class B and E floral homeotic gene homologue expression early in the flowering phase, which pointed to their direct role in forming unisexual flowers in cannabis. Metabolite analysis indicated a higher proportion of sesquiterpenes and cannabichromenic acid in induced female flowers compared with non-induced female flowers. Combined with a morphological comparison of trichomes, the secondary metabolite profiles indicated a preferential development of sessile trichomes via up-regulation of a GLABRA1 homologue. This study enhances our understanding of ethylene-driven sex regulation and its link to secondary metabolite accumulation in C. sativa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraf291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T07:28:26Z","timestamp":1751268506000},"page":"5401-5418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Transcriptomic analysis of ethephon-induced sex reversion of male\n                    <i>Cannabis sativa<\/i>\n                    reveals changes in expression of floral homeotic genes and a distinct trichome morphology"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2929-3357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lennard","family":"Garcia-de Heer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University , Lismore, NSW 2480 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