{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T15:11:08Z","timestamp":1778598668634,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tocochromanols, including tocopherols and tocotrienols, encompass a group of lipid antioxidants that are synthesized in chloroplasts of photosynthetic organisms. Tocochromanols are essential for mammals, because they provide vitamin E activity. In plants, tocochromanols can scavenge reactive oxygen species derived from photosynthesis. While most dicot plants including Arabidopsis thaliana produce tocopherols with a saturated side chain, tocotrienols carrying an unsaturated side chain are found in many monocot plants. Here, we present an overview of the current knowledge about the biosynthesis of tocopherols, with a focus on the origin of headgroup and side chain precursors, and the regulation of tocopherol synthesis by abiotic stress and phytohormones. The chromanol headgroup is derived from tyrosine, which is synthesized via the shikimate pathway, while the phytyl side chain originates from chlorophyll turnover. Tocopherol synthesis is regulated during different abiotic stress conditions, including high light, drought, heat, cold, and salt stress. Furthermore, different phytohormones like jasmonate, abscisic acid, gibberellins, brassinosteroids and salicylate are involved in the regulation of tocopherol synthesis. The control of stress- and phytohormone-dependent tocopherol synthesis is mostly based on the regulation on the transcriptional level of key genes of tocopherol synthesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erag182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T11:44:44Z","timestamp":1776253484000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Regulation of tocopherol (vitamin E) biosynthesis in Arabidopsis"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Safoora","family":"Shirvani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn , 53115 Bonn ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5845-9370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"D\u00f6rmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn , 53115 Bonn ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026051210232255400_erag182-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ern363","article-title":"Salicylic acid deficiency in NahG transgenic lines and sid2 mutants increases seed yield in the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"60","author":"Abreu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026051210232255400_erag182-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2113488119","article-title":"Genome-wide association identifies a missing hydrolase for tocopherol synthesis in plants","volume":"119","author":"Albert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 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