{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:28:07Z","timestamp":1789658887444,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02skbsp27","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022090","name":"IPK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034waa237","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022709","name":"CEPLAS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022709","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Germany\u2019s Excellence Strategy","award":["EXC-2048\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC-2048\/1"]}]},{"name":"Germany\u2019s Excellence Strategy","award":["390686111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["390686111"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pre-anthesis inflorescence greening (PAIG) is a distinctive developmental feature in members of the Triticeae such as barley, wheat, and rye. In barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), floral survival and fertility are major determinants of grain yield, yet the physiological processes supporting early inflorescence development remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated PAIG, a light-dependent chlorophyll accumulation occurring while immature inflorescences are still enclosed by leaf sheaths, and its role in overall inflorescence development. Using chlorophyll autofluorescence imaging and chlorophyll quantification, we found that PAIG in barley initiates at a surprisingly early developmental stage, when developing spikes are still enclosed by leaf sheaths. PAIG first appears in the developing central rachis and then progressively spreads to the spikelet primordia and other floral organs. Using a non-destructive dark treatment that prevents light exposure to developing inflorescences, we showed that inhibiting PAIG does not impact floral initiation. Yet, the dark treatment significantly decreases floral survival and pollen viability, especially at the tip of the inflorescence. This highlights the essential role of light-mediated PAIG in determining floral fate. Finally, analysis of natural variation for PAIG revealed a strong positive correlation between the extent of PAIG and floral survival. Our findings establish PAIG as an underappreciated hidden trait that supports floral viability and reproductive success, with implications for enhancing grain yield potential in cereals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erag216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T11:42:14Z","timestamp":1778586134000},"page":"5807-5820","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pre-anthesis light signaling of sheathed developing barley inflorescences defines floral fate"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0967-4663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sai Thejas","family":"Babanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) , Seeland 06466 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7476-1350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) , Seeland 06466 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0970-4672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas P M","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine- University , Duesseldorf 40225 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) \u2018SMART Plants for Tomorrow\u2019s Needs\u2019 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5267-0677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thorsten","family":"Schnurbusch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) , Seeland 06466 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) \u2018SMART Plants for Tomorrow\u2019s Needs\u2019 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle 06120 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-arplant-042809-112312","article-title":"Genetic regulation of sporopollenin synthesis and pollen exine development","volume":"62","author":"Ariizumi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annual Review of Plant Biology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2008.02.009","article-title":"Critical period for grain number establishment of near isogenic lines of two- and six-rowed barley","volume":"107","author":"Arisnabarreta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Field Crops Research"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1078\/0367-2530-00080","article-title":"Non-foliar photosynthesis\u2014a strategy of additional carbon acquisition","volume":"198","author":"Aschan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Flora"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3500","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.20.00424","article-title":"Sterile spikelets contribute to yield in sorghum and related grasses","volume":"32","author":"AuBuchon-Elder","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Plant Cell"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5764","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraa312","article-title":"Shades of green: untying the knots of green photoperception","volume":"71","author":"Battle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B6","first-page":"133","article-title":"Role of awns in ear water-use efficiency and grain weight in barley plant physiology role of awns in ear water-use efficiency and grain weight in barley","volume":"14","author":"Bort","year":"1994","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erz033","article-title":"Photosynthetic activity of reproductive organs","volume":"70","author":"Brazel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.17839","article-title":"Chloroplast development in green plant tissues: the interplay between light, hormone, and transcriptional regulation","volume":"233","author":"Cackett","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.38.072902.092259","article-title":"Light signal transduction in higher plants","volume":"38","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annual Review of Genetics"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2018.06.0396","article-title":"Effects of shading stress on grain number, yield, and photosynthesis during early reproductive growth in wheat","volume":"59","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crop Science"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2652","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14390","article-title":"Wheat yield potential can be maximized by increasing red to far-red light conditions at critical developmental stages","volume":"45","author":"Dreccer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant, Cell & Environment"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1071\/PP01072","article-title":"13C labeling kinetics of sucrose in glumes indicates significant refixation of respiratory CO2 in the wheat ear","volume":"28","author":"Gebbing","year":"2001","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Plant Physiology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3287","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11233287","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves in response to date palm waste compost application","volume":"11","author":"Ghouili","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3144","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14499","article-title":"Exploring the trade-off between individual fitness and community performance of wheat crops using simulated canopy shade","volume":"46","author":"Golan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant, Cell & Environment"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4290(02)00196-X","article-title":"Floret development and spike growth as affected by photoperiod during stem elongation in wheat","volume":"81","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Field Crops Research"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1071\/FP04104","article-title":"Floret development and survival in wheat plants exposed to contrasting photoperiod and radiation environments during stem elongation","volume":"32","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Functional Plant Biology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12173","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12173","article-title":"Plastid-nucleus communication involves calcium-modulated MAPK signalling","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-021-03209-w","article-title":"Abnormal anther development leads to lower spikelet fertility in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under high temperature during the panicle initiation stage","volume":"21","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadd0324","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.add0324","article-title":"A molecular framework for grain number determination in barley","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science Advances"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-arplant-060223-041716","article-title":"The birth and death of floral organs in cereal crops","volume":"75","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Annual Review of Plant Biology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B21","first-page":"835","article-title":"Changes in the rate of photosynthesis during grain filling and the enzymatic activities associated with the photosynthetic carbon metabolism in rice panicles","volume":"31","author":"Imaizumi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Plant & Cell Physiology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16429","article-title":"Heat stress during flowering in cereals\u2014effects and adaptation strategies","volume":"226","author":"Jagadish","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3702","article-title":"Biogenesis and homeostasis of chloroplasts and other plastids","volume":"14","author":"Jarvis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Reviews: Molecular Cell Biology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015609","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.1015609","article-title":"Genetic association of spikelet abortion with spike, grain, and shoot traits in highly-diverse six-rowed barley","volume":"13","author":"Kamal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erab529","article-title":"Spikelet abortion in six-rowed barley is mainly influenced by final spikelet number, with potential spikelet number acting as a suppressor trait","volume":"73","author":"Kamal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1626\/pps.12.54","article-title":"Response spectrum for green light-induced acceleration of heading in wheat cv. Norin 61","volume":"12","author":"Kasajima","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plant Production Science"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B27","volume-title":"Cereal development guide","author":"Kirby","year":"1984"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.12771","article-title":"Developmental pathways for shaping spike inflorescence architecture in barley and wheat","volume":"61","author":"Koppolu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Integrative Plant Biology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.102.016907","article-title":"The pyruvate decarboxylase1 gene of Arabidopsis is required during anoxia but not other environmental stresses","volume":"132","author":"K\u00fcrsteiner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457020","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.01138","article-title":"Analysis of barley leaf epidermis and extrahaustorial proteomes during powdery mildew infection reveals that the PR5 thaumatin-like protein TLP5 is required for susceptibility towards Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei","volume":"10","author":"Lambertucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xplc.2021.100264","article-title":"Chloroplast ROS and stress signaling","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Communications"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3054.2006.00679.x","article-title":"Awns play a dominant role in carbohydrate production during the grain-filling stages in wheat (Triticum aestivum)","volume":"127","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Physiologia Plantarum"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7105","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erac344","article-title":"Biogenic signals from plastids and their role in chloroplast development","volume":"73","author":"Liebers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2017.05.002","article-title":"Monochromatic green light induces an aberrant accumulation of geranylgeranyled chlorophylls in plants","volume":"116","author":"Materov\u00e1","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2012.06.008","article-title":"The contribution of green parts of the ear to grain filling in old and modern cultivars of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): evidence for genetic gains over the past century","volume":"134","author":"Maydup","year":"2012","journal-title":"Field Crops Research"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.4141\/cjps72-010","article-title":"Adverse influence of awns on yield of wheat","volume":"52","author":"McKenzie","year":"1972","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adh9384","article-title":"Air channels create a directional light signal to regulate hypocotyl phototropism","volume":"382","author":"Nawkar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1093\/jexbot\/52.364.2151","article-title":"Correlative controls of senescence and plant death in Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae)","volume":"52","author":"Nood\u00e9n","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erae492","article-title":"Floret development and fertility of barley as affected by Photoperiod-H1 under contrasting photoperiods and PHYTOCHROME C backgrounds","volume":"76","author":"Parrado","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erae491","article-title":"Diverse alleles of Photoperiod-H1 directly and indirectly affect barley yield-related traits under contrasting photoperiods and PHYTOCHROME C backgrounds","volume":"76","author":"Parrado","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.126.2.742","article-title":"Signaling events in the hypoxic induction of alcohol dehydrogenase gene in Arabidopsis","volume":"126","author":"Peng","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.110.170365","article-title":"Genetic dissection of chloroplast biogenesis and development: an overview","volume":"155","author":"Pogson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2015.02.003","article-title":"Insights into chloroplast biogenesis and development","volume":"1847","author":"Pogson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta \u2013 Bioenergetics"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(89)80347-0","article-title":"Determination of accurate extinction coefficients and simultaneous equations for assaying chlorophylls a and b extracted with four different solvents: verification of the concentration of chlorophyll standards by atomic absorption spectroscopy","volume":"975","author":"Porra","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta \u2013Bioenergetics"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1071\/FP14061","article-title":"Response of floret fertility and individual grain weight of wheat to high temperature stress: sensitive stages and thresholds for temperature and duration","volume":"41","author":"Prasad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Functional Plant Biology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erv009","article-title":"Photosynthesis in reproductive structures: costs and benefits","volume":"66","author":"Raven","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-025-06475-0","article-title":"Genome-wide identification of chitinase gene family in Hordeum vulgare: insights into stress response mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics","volume":"25","author":"Sabir","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aob.a086310","article-title":"Abnormal sporogenesis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) induced by short periods of high temperature","volume":"49","author":"Saini","year":"1982","journal-title":"Annals of Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5401","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eru298","article-title":"Relative contribution of shoot and ear photosynthesis to grain filling in wheat under good agronomical conditions assessed by differential organ \u03b413C","volume":"65","author":"Sanchez-Bragado","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2787","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erw116","article-title":"Photosynthetic contribution of the ear to grain filling in wheat: a comparison of different methodologies for evaluation","volume":"67","author":"Sanchez-Bragado","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3973","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koad164","article-title":"Multilayered regulation of developmentally programmed pre-anthesis tip degeneration of the barley inflorescence","volume":"35","author":"Shanmugaraj","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Plant Cell"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erad044","article-title":"Plastids: diving into their diversity, their functions, and their role in plant development","volume":"74","author":"Sierra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4290(94)90050-7","article-title":"Preanthesis shading effects on the number of grains of three bread wheat cultivars of different potential number of grains","volume":"36","author":"Slafer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Field Crops Research"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erx098","article-title":"Don\u2019t ignore the green light: exploring diverse roles in plant processes","volume":"68","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B55","first-page":"191","article-title":"Internal axial light conduction in the stems and roots of herbaceous plants","volume":"56","author":"Sun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erg167","article-title":"Vascular tissue in the stem and roots of woody plants can conduct light","volume":"54","author":"Sun","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7160","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erae373","article-title":"Sterility of basal spikelets in wheat: predetermined fate or a matter of resources?","volume":"75","author":"Tamagno","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-004-1455-7","article-title":"Ear of durum wheat under water stress: water relations and photosynthetic metabolism","volume":"221","author":"Tambussi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.004622","article-title":"Light-intensity-dependent expression of Lhc gene family encoding light-harvesting chlorophyll-a\/b proteins of photosystem II in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii","volume":"130","author":"Teramoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7743","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erab342","article-title":"\u2018Spikelet stop\u2019 determines the maximum yield potential stage in barley","volume":"72","author":"Thirulogachandar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1626\/pps.4.283","article-title":"Initiation and development of spikelets and florets in wheat as influenced by shading and nitrogen supply at the spikelet phase","volume":"4","author":"Toyota","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant Production Science"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.19.00947","article-title":"Identification of chloroplast envelope proteins with critical importance for cold acclimation","volume":"182","author":"Trentmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3151","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erq140","article-title":"Low red\/far-red ratios delay spike and stem growth in wheat","volume":"61","author":"Ugarte","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2005.03.002","article-title":"Yield enhancement genes: seeds for growth","volume":"16","author":"Van Camp","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Biotechnology"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aob.a086434","article-title":"A quantitative scale of spike initial and pistil development in barley and wheat","volume":"51","author":"Waddington","year":"1983","journal-title":"Annals of Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erv447","article-title":"How can we make plants grow faster? A source\u2013sink perspective on growth rate","volume":"67","author":"White","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859600064510","article-title":"Plant population and shading studies in barley","volume":"77","author":"Willey","year":"1971","journal-title":"The Journal of Agricultural Science"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14353","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-71268-4","article-title":"Photosynthetic base of reduced grain yield by shading stress during the early reproductive stage of two wheat cultivars","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/07352689.2017.1327764","article-title":"Light regulates transcription of chlorophyll biosynthetic genes during chloroplast biogenesis","volume":"36","author":"Yuan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2796","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21082796","article-title":"Transcriptional and metabolic changes associated with phytoglobin expression during germination of barley seeds","volume":"21","author":"Zafari","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"2026091519514886600_erag216-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2020.09.013","article-title":"Normal structure and function of endothecium chloroplasts maintained by ZmMs33-mediated lipid biosynthesis in tapetal cells are critical for anther development in maize","volume":"13","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecular Plant"}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Botany"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jxb\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jxb\/erag216\/68278650\/erag216.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jxb\/article-pdf\/77\/17\/5807\/68278650\/erag216.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jxb\/article-pdf\/77\/17\/5807\/68278650\/erag216.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T23:52:03Z","timestamp":1789516323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jxb\/article\/77\/17\/5807\/8677234"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Scott","family":"Boden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jxb\/erag216","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0957","1460-2431"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0957","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2431","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]}}}