{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:04:55Z","timestamp":1789517095092,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD1200400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD1200400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31771779"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31771779"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31971933"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31971933"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Important National Science & Technology Specific Projects of Transgenic Research","award":["2018ZX0800905B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018ZX0800905B"]}]},{"name":"Project of Seed Industry Revitalization in Jiangsu Province","award":["[2021] 013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2021] 013"]}]},{"name":"Project of Seed Industry Revitalization in Jiangsu Province","award":["[2021] 007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2021] 007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wheat powdery mildew [caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt)] severely threatens global wheat production. Previously, we cloned the broad-spectrum wheat powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 which encoded a typical nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptor. In this study, we identified TaR3H as an interacting protein of the Pm21 coiled-coil (CC) domain (Pm21CC) and performed comprehensive biochemical and functional analysis to illustrate the defense pathway mediated by Pm21. TaR3H, a putative transcription factor, localizes to both the nucleus and plasma membrane, with its transcriptional activation function residing in the N-terminal region. We found that TaR3H interacts with Pm21CC, but not with full-length Pm21 (Pm21FL) in uninfected cells, whereas it interacts with both Pm21CC and Pm21FL during Bgt infection, suggesting that the protein folding state or activity of Pm21CC modulates its interaction. Functional studies demonstrated that silencing TaR3H in Pm21-carrying resistant materials compromised resistance to Bgt, while overexpression of TaR3H in the susceptible cultivar enhanced powdery mildew resistance. Integrated transcriptomic and DAP-seq analysis indicated that TaR3H-mediated resistance enhancement is associated with the hormone signaling pathway. This study reveals novel functions of TaR3H in the broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance pathway, providing new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying Pm21-mediatd immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erag297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T11:24:36Z","timestamp":1782127476000},"page":"5918-5935","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["TaR3H interacts with Pm21 and confers powdery mildew resistance"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Chaona","family":"Si","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University\/CIC-MCP , Nanjing 210095 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory , Nanjing 210014 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu , Lianyungang 222000 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenjie","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University\/CIC-MCP , Nanjing 210095 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory , Nanjing 210014 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqi","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University\/CIC-MCP , Nanjing 210095 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University\/CIC-MCP , Nanjing 210095 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory , Nanjing 210014 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University\/CIC-MCP , Nanjing 210095 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory , Nanjing 210014 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University\/CIC-MCP , Nanjing 210095 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory , Nanjing 210014 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