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SA biosynthesis and homeostasis are precisely regulated in plants. Furthermore, SA functions in a concentration-dependent manner to enhance resistance to both abiotic stresses and pathogens, as well as to regulate plant senescence. However, the underlying mechanisms of SA action remain to be elucidated. Recent studies have demonstrated that in juvenile plants, age-related cues, autoimmunity, and autophagy contribute to maintaining SA at the basal level. In adult plants, moderate concentrations of SA enhance resistance by activating autophagy and the antioxidant system in response to abiotic stresses and pathogen infections. Elevated levels of SA initiate a positive feedback loop involving reactive oxygen species and the transcriptional regulator WRKY75, which serves as a core regulatory hub during natural senescence, abiotic stress-induced premature senescence, and pathogen infection-triggered hypersensitive response. In the late stages of these processes, autophagy acts synergistically with high levels of SA to accelerate programmed cell death. This review summarizes recent advancements in SA biosynthesis and compares the associated signaling pathways during plant senescence and pathogen infection, providing theoretical insights into SA-regulated plant senescence and immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erag310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T11:54:09Z","timestamp":1782302049000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Salicylic acid fine-tunes cell survival during plant senescence and pathogen infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7490-9805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"The Institute of Flowers Research, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Huazhong Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1933-6837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhulong","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"The Institute of Flowers Research, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Huazhong Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9857-187X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"The Institute of Flowers Research, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Huazhong Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Hubei Hongshan Laboratory , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National R&D Center for Citrus Postharvest Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Yunnan Seed Laboratory , Kunming 650200 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Floriculture Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, Key Laboratory for Flower Breeding of Yunnan Province , Kunming 650200 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091607363455000_erag310-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.108.063164","article-title":"Methyl salicylate production and jasmonate signaling are not essential for systemic acquired resistance in Arabidopsis","volume":"21","author":"Attaran","year":"2009","journal-title":"The 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