{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:26:49Z","timestamp":1787009209049,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]],"date-time":"2021-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81401937"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81401937"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Project Fund","award":["20184Y0087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20184Y0087"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Project Fund","award":["19ZR1444800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19ZR1444800"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the levels of serum pepsinogen (PG) in patients with gastric cancer (GC), patients with atrophic gastritis (AG), and healthy donors. Also, we explored the clinical value of PG detection for the diagnosis and treatment of GC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PG level in peripheral blood from patients and heathy donors was determined using an Abbott automatic chemiluminescence instrument. The study included 117 patients with GC confirmed by gastroscopy and histopathology, of whom 13 patients had cancer at stage I, 47 at stage II, 41 at stage III, and 16 at stage IV. The AG group included 122 patients, and the control group had 120 healthy donors. The relationship between serum PG levels and the occurrence and development of GC, as well as the evaluation of the clinical value of diagnostic tests based on serum PG detection, were investigated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pepsinogen I (PGI) levels gradually decreased from the control group, the AG group, and the GC group.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>PGI exhibited high diagnostic value for GC (area under the curve [AUC], 0.834; cutoff, 51.2 ng\/mL, sensitivity, 81.7%; specificity, 68.4%), PGII (AUC, 0.587; cutoff value, 13.05 ng\/mL; sensitivity, 65.8%; specificity, 53.8%), and PGR (AUC, 0.752; cutoff, 5.65; sensitivity, 54.2%; specificity, 87.2%). The occurrence of GC was negatively correlated with serum levels of PGI (B\u2005=\u2005\u22120.054; OR\u2005=\u20050.947; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.925\u20130.970; P\u2005&amp;lt;.001) and PGR (B\u2005=\u2005\u22120.420; OR\u2005=\u20050.657; 95% CI, 0.499\u20130.864; P\u2005=\u2005.003).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The combined detection of PGI, PGII, and PGR has important clinical value for the screening, prevention, and diagnosis of GC and could allow for earlier detection, diagnosis, and treatment of GC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/lmab035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T09:14:58Z","timestamp":1618910098000},"page":"71-77","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Clinical Value of Pepsinogen in the Screening, Prevention, and Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Xiao-Lei","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anting Hospital, Jiading District , Shanghai , China"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Lin","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Dan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anting Hospital, Jiading District , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anting Hospital, Jiading District , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"La-Mei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anting Hospital, Jiading District , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Feng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Internal Medicine, Kunshan Branch of Shanghai Cancer Hospital , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Jian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dongfang Hospital affiliated to Tongji University , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Yu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Fang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21338","article-title":"Cancer statistics in China, 2015","volume":"66","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-017-0022-y","article-title":"Regulatory fluctuation of WNT16 gene expression is associated with human gastric adenocarcinoma","volume":"50","author":"Norollahi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Cancer."},{"issue":"3","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2895","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27106","article-title":"CTNNBIP1 downregulation is associated with tumor grade and viral infections in gastric adenocarcinoma","volume":"234","author":"Kosari-Monfared","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol."},{"issue":"18","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4452","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20184452","article-title":"E-cadherin downregulation and microRNAs in sporadic intestinal-type gastric cancer","volume":"20","author":"Rossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20150258","article-title":"Combination of Helicobacter pylori antibody and serum pepsinogen as a good predictive tool of gastric cancer incidence: 20-year prospective data from the Hisayama Study","volume":"26","author":"Ikeda","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Epidemiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000014240","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of serum pepsinogen assay for the prediction of atrophic gastritis and gastric neoplasms","volume":"98","author":"Bang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"38","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0008","first-page":"52","article-title":"Changes and significance of serum pepsinogen levels in patients with early gastric cancer before and after endoscopic therapy","volume":"2","author":"Xingjie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Philos"},{"issue":"27","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0009","first-page":"1265","article-title":"Clinical study of serum pepsinogen in chronic gastric disease","volume":"11","author":"Chunchun","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.15430\/JCP.2014.19.1.47","article-title":"Correlations among endoscopic, histologic and serologic diagnoses for the assessment of atrophic gastritis","volume":"19","author":"Ju","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cancer Prev."},{"issue":"3","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyx190","article-title":"Cancer screening guidelines and policy making: 15 years of experience in cancer screening guideline development in Japan","volume":"48","author":"Hamashima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0012","first-page":"289","article-title":"Consensus on pathological diagnosis of chronic gastritis and epithelial tumor by gastric mucosal biopsy","volume":"46","author":"Preparation Group of Digestive Pathology Group of Pathology Branch of Chinese Medical Association","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin J Pathol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.01.029","article-title":"Effectiveness of the Korean National Cancer Screening Program in reducing gastric cancer mortality","volume":"152","author":"Jun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"issue":"6","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13324","article-title":"Systematic review: the effects of long-term proton pump inhibitor use on serum gastrin levels and gastric histology","volume":"7","author":"Lundell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther."},{"issue":"12","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.05.023","article-title":"Gastric cancer as preventable disease","volume":"15","author":"Rugge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0016","author":"Choe J, Kim KW, Kim HJ, et al. What Is New in the 2017 World Health Organization Classification and 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging System for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms?"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32834d0a0a","article-title":"Serum pepsinogen test for early detection of gastric cancer in a European country","volume":"24","author":"Lomba-Viana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1159\/000368807","article-title":"Relationship between the degree of endoscopic atrophy of the gastric mucosa and carcinogenic risk","volume":"91","author":"Masuyama","year":"2015","journal-title":"Digestion."},{"issue":"16","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0019","first-page":"2240","article-title":"Clinical application of serum gastric function detection in early gastric cancer screening","volume":"38","author":"Wei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Lab Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0020","first-page":"752","article-title":"Advances in study on endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer","volume":"21","author":"Niu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-310356","article-title":"Screening for gastric cancer in Western countries","volume":"65","author":"Lansdorp-Vogelaar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0022","first-page":"166","article-title":"Serum pepsinogen I and II levels in various gastric disorders with special reference to their use as a screening test for carcinoma stomach","volume":"28","author":"Parthasarathy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trop Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0023","first-page":"203","article-title":"Pepsinogen and atrophic gastritis","volume":"110","author":"Kawai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi."},{"issue":"9","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0024","first-page":"2329","article-title":"Biomarkers in tumorigenesis using cancer cell lines: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Lizbeth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev."},{"issue":"2","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0025","first-page":"92","article-title":"Expert consensus on the screening process for early gastric cancer in China (draft)(2017, Shanghai)","volume":"23","author":"Yiqi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"issue":"5","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1443-1661.2012.01290.x","article-title":"Influence of endoscopic submucosal dissection on serum levels of pepsinogens in patients with early gastric cancer","volume":"24","author":"Iino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig Endosc."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-006-0397-0","article-title":"Gastric cancer screening using the serum pepsinogen test method","volume":"9","author":"Miki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.15430\/JCP.2015.20.1.25","article-title":"Review of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia as a premalignant lesion of gastric cancer","volume":"20","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12597","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12597","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan: 2016 Revised Edition","volume":"24","author":"Kato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Helicobacter."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-2762","article-title":"Cancer high-risk subjects identified by serum pepsinogen tests: outcomes after 10-year follow-up in asymptomatic middle-aged males","volume":"17","author":"Yanaoka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2018.04.015","article-title":"Prevalence of multiple infections and the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma development at earlier age","volume":"92","author":"Fattahi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis."},{"issue":"9","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0032","first-page":"966","article-title":"Research progress of clinical epidemiology of gastric cancer [in Chinese]","volume":"26","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0033","first-page":"198","article-title":"Clinical value of warning symptoms and signs in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chin J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0034","first-page":"92","article-title":"Overview of current concepts in gastric intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer","volume":"14","author":"Jencks","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY)."},{"issue":"18)","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7635","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2014.15.18.7635","article-title":"Screening of precancerous gastric lesions by serum pepsinogen, gastrin-17, anti-helicobacter pylori and anti-CagA antibodies in dyspeptic patients over 50 years old in Guilan Province, north of Iran","volume":"15","author":"Mansour-Ghanaei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev."},{"key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0036","volume-title":"Clinical significance of serum PGI, II and their ratio in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. In: the Ninth National Academic Conference on Laboratory Medicine of Chinese medical association and the Sixth National Academic Conference on Clinical Laboratory Management of Chinese Hospital Association","author":"Gu","year":"2011"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2012.658855","article-title":"Optimal cutoff value of the serum pepsinogen level for prediction of gastric cancer incidence: the Hisayama Study","volume":"47","author":"Shikata","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0038","first-page":"435","article-title":"The serum pepsinogen test as a predictor of Kazakh gastric cancer","volume":"2","author":"Juan Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1515\/bmc-2019-0010","article-title":"Only serum pepsinogen I and pepsinogen I\/II ratio are specific and sensitive biomarkers for screening of gastric cancer","volume":"10","author":"Mansour-Ghanaei","year":"2019","journal-title":"BioMol Concepts."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0040","first-page":"697","article-title":"The latest diagnostic threshold of gastric cancer screening by \u201cserological biopsy\u201d of gastric mucosa in Liaoning province","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin Health Stat."},{"issue":"7","key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0041","first-page":"1","article-title":"Systematic review group and guideline development group for gastric cancer screening guidelines. Updated version of the Japanese guidelines for gastric cancer screening","volume":"7","author":"Chisato","year":"2018","journal-title":"Japn J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"2023020416503372900_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.094","article-title":"Fluctuations of epigenetic regulations in human gastric Adenocarcinoma: how does it affect?","volume":"109","author":"Samadani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother."}],"container-title":["Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article-pdf\/53\/1\/71\/49091353\/lmab035.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article-pdf\/53\/1\/71\/49091353\/lmab035.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]],"date-time":"2023-02-04T11:51:37Z","timestamp":1675511497000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article\/53\/1\/71\/6368400"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/labmed\/lmab035","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-5027","1943-7730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-5027","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-7730","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]]}}}