{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T08:26:57Z","timestamp":1773736017783,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004366","name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["69502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["69502"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004366","name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0000-0002-8997-2003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0000-0002-8997-2003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004366","name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0000-0002-9482-6967"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0000-0002-9482-6967"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine whether there is a correlation between vitamin D levels and palindromic rheumatism (PR) as an at-risk phenotype of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 308 participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. We recorded their clinical characteristics and performed propensity-score matching (PSM). Serum 25(OH)D3 levels were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our PSM resulted in 48 patients with PR and 96 matched control individuals. The multivariate regression analysis we performed after the PSM did not show a significant increase in PR risk in patients with vitamin D deficiency\/insufficiency. There was no significant correlation between levels of 25(OH)D3 and frequency\/duration of attacks, number of joints affected, and duration of symptoms before diagnosis (P \u2265 .05). Mean (SD) serum levels of 25(OH)D3 in patients with and without progression to RA were 28.7 (15.9) ng\/mL and 25.1 (11.4) ng\/mL, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Based on the results, we found no clear association between vitamin D serum levels and the risk, severity, and rate of PR progressing into RA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/lmad032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T12:16:48Z","timestamp":1684498608000},"page":"45-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Vitamin D Status in Palindromic Rheumatism: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9482-6967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Khabbazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Mahmoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Esalatmanesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences , Kashan , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masoomeh","family":"Asgari-Sabet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8997-2003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azam","family":"Safary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3494937","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3494937","article-title":"Vitamin D as a principal factor in mediating rheumatoid arthritis-derived immune response","volume":"2019","author":"Aslam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int."},{"issue":"2 pt 1","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reuma.2018.02.016","article-title":"Vitamin D is not useful as a biomarker for disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis [in Spanish]","volume":"16","author":"de la Torre Lossa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed)."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026615666150915111557","article-title":"The roles of vitamin D and its analogs in inflammatory diseases","volume":"16","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Top Med Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.17","article-title":"Vitamin D: a pleiotropic hormone","volume":"78","author":"Verstuyf","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2010.06.009","article-title":"Vitamin D and musculoskeletal health, cardiovascular disease, autoimmunity and cancer: recommendations for clinical practice","volume":"9","author":"Souberbielle","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32835cfc16","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency and risk for rheumatic diseases: an update","volume":"25","author":"Gatenby","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-014-3071-6","article-title":"Vitamin D levels and bone mass in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"35","author":"Brance","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int."},{"key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596007","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.596007","article-title":"The effect of vitamin D supplementation on rheumatoid arthritis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Guan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)."},{"key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0009","first-page":"e3155","article-title":"Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and psychophysiological variables: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"76","author":"Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinics."},{"issue":"9","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5458","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803217","article-title":"1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and IL-2 combine to inhibit T cell production of inflammatory cytokines and promote development of regulatory T cells expressing CTLA-4 and FoxP3","volume":"183","author":"Jeffery","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-021-01644-3","article-title":"Micronutrient therapy and effective immune response: a promising approach for management of 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Immunol."},{"key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-019-0308-5","article-title":"Palindromic rheumatism as part of the rheumatoid arthritis continuum","volume":"15","author":"Mankia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.120995","article-title":"Palindromic rheumatism: a pre-rheumatoid arthritis state","volume":"39","author":"Katz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2021.1899811","article-title":"Palindromic rheumatism: a unique and enigmatic entity with a complex relationship with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"17","author":"Sanmart\u00ed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2020.105128","article-title":"Incidence and risk of developing rheumatic diseases in 19,724 patients with palindromic rheumatism in South Korea: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"88","author":"Ahn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11086","article-title":"Palindromic rheumatism frequently precedes early rheumatoid arthritis: results from an incident cohort","volume":"1","author":"Ellingwood","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACR Open Rheumatol."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1159\/000453135","article-title":"Roles of 1,25(OH)2D3 and vitamin D receptor in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus by 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diseases: results of the cardiovascular in rheumatology [CARMA] study","volume":"17","author":"Urruticoechea-Arana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913804","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/913804","article-title":"Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2015","author":"Cen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0025","first-page":"827","article-title":"Vitamin D level in rheumatoid arthritis and its correlation with the disease activity: a meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol."},{"key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5491676","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5491676","article-title":"Evaluation of vitamin D status in rheumatoid arthritis and its association with disease activity across 15 countries: \u201cThe 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palindromic rheumatism","volume":"78","author":"Mankia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22755","article-title":"An unexpectedly high frequency of MEFV mutations in patients with anti-citrullinated protein antibody-negative palindromic rheumatism","volume":"56","author":"Ca\u00f1ete","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2021.105235","article-title":"Palindromic rheumatism: evidence of four subtypes of palindromic-like arthritis based in either MEFV or rheumatoid factor\/ACPA status","volume":"88","author":"Cuervo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reuma.2019.01.002","article-title":"Is palindromic rheumatism a pre-rheumatoid arthritis condition? Low incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in palindromic rheumatism patients treated with tight control strategy","volume":"17","author":"Khabbazi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12870","article-title":"Tolerogenic dendritic cells generated with dexamethasone and vitamin D3 regulate rheumatoid arthritis CD4+ T cells partly via transforming growth factor-\u03b21","volume":"187","author":"Anderson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12610","article-title":"Vitamin D immunoregulation through dendritic cells","volume":"148","author":"Bscheider","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunology."},{"issue":"8","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0035","first-page":"2737","article-title":"1,25(OH)2D3 suppresses proinflammatory responses by inhibiting Th1 cell differentiation and cytokine production through the JAK\/STAT pathway","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res."},{"issue":"33","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14751","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1003852107","article-title":"Th17 plasticity in human autoimmune arthritis is driven by the inflammatory environment","volume":"107","author":"Nistala","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30093","article-title":"Th17 cells, but not Th1 cells, from patients with early rheumatoid arthritis are potent inducers of matrix metalloproteinases and proinflammatory cytokines upon synovial fibroblast interaction, including autocrine interleukin-17A production","volume":"63","author":"van Hamburg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00178","article-title":"1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis via suppression of Th17 cells through miR-124 mediated inhibition of IL-6 signaling","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0131539","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131539","article-title":"Vitamin D antagonises the suppressive effect of inflammatory cytokines on CTLA-4 expression and regulatory function","volume":"10","author":"Jeffery","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"9","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.120387","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor polymorphism rs2228570 (Fok1) is associated with rheumatoid arthritis in North American natives","volume":"39","author":"Hitchon","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2014.945477","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in Iranian Azary patients with Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease","volume":"44","author":"Kolahi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024010613072862400_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.275","article-title":"The expression and methylation status of vitamin D receptor gene in Behcet\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Shirvani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immun Inflamm Dis."}],"container-title":["Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article-pdf\/55\/1\/45\/55121196\/lmad032.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article-pdf\/55\/1\/45\/55121196\/lmad032.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]],"date-time":"2024-01-06T13:09:13Z","timestamp":1704546553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article\/55\/1\/45\/7173014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/labmed\/lmad032","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-5027","1943-7730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-5027","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-7730","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]}}}