{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T13:40:38Z","timestamp":1762522838745},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and immunofixation (IFE) assays are commonly used to diagnose and monitor patients with multiple myeloma (MM).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Identifying analytical interferences in SPE and IFE caused by therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (tmAbs) can be challenging. Here we report the case of a 72-year-old male with a long history of relapsed immunoglobulin (Ig)G kappa MM. A follow-up SPE showed the original peak plus 2 additional cathode peaks. Immunofixation was ordered as a reflex test to investigate the new peaks that showed initial patient monoclonal IgG kappa in addition to 2 restricted bands of the IgG kappa type. Therapeutic monoclonal antibody interference was suspected and the patient\u2019s chart was reviewed. The patient was not on any antimyeloma monoclonal antibody therapy. However, preexposure prophylaxis therapeutic monoclonal antibodies tixagevimab plus cilgavimab (Evusheld) for severe acute SARS-CoV-2 was administered approximately 45 minutes before sample collection, which led to the identifiable spikes and correlated bands. After 2 days, the IgG kappa bands disappeared, confirming this therapy\u2019s effect on SPE and IFE. Therefore, clinical pathologists should be aware of when providers prescribe new monoclonal antibody therapy and become familiar with the position of commonly prescribed (tmAbs) therapies at their institutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/lmad085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T21:50:16Z","timestamp":1694728216000},"page":"e201-e203","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evusheld, a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein\u2013directed attachment inhibitor, appears in serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation: a case study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Sumit K","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock, AR , US"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoda A","family":"Hagrass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock, AR , US"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023110721231187400_CIT0001","first-page":"72","article-title":"Recognition and management of common, rare, and novel serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation interferences","volume-title":"Clin Biochem.","author":"McCudden","year":"2018"},{"key":"2023110721231187400_CIT0002","first-page":"e95","article-title":"Therapeutic monoclonal antibody interference in monoclonal gammopathy monitoring: a denosumab experience","volume-title":"Lab Med","author":"Aydin","year":"2023"},{"key":"2023110721231187400_CIT0003","first-page":"10","article-title":"Tixagevimab plus cilgavimab does not affect the interpretation of electrophoretic and free light chain assays","volume-title":"Am J Clin Pathol.","author":"Baloda","year":"2023"},{"key":"2023110721231187400_CIT0004","first-page":"907012","article-title":"Burden of disease of COVID-19: strengthening the collaboration for national studies","volume-title":"Front Public Health.","author":"Pires","year":"2022"},{"key":"2023110721231187400_CIT0005","first-page":"2188","article-title":"Intramuscular AZD7442 (tixagevimab-cilgavimab) for prevention of Covid-19","volume-title":"N Engl J Med.","author":"Levin","year":"2022"},{"key":"2023110721231187400_CIT0006","first-page":"479","article-title":"tixagevimab-cilgavimab: COVID-19 pre-exposure prophylaxis","volume-title":"Clin J Oncol Nurs.","author":"Martin","year":"2022"},{"key":"2023110721231187400_CIT0007","first-page":"547","article-title":"An international multi-center serum protein electrophoresis accuracy and M-protein isotyping study. Part II: limit of detection and follow-up of patients with small M-proteins","volume-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med.","author":"Jacobs","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article-pdf\/54\/6\/e201\/52799337\/lmad085.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article-pdf\/54\/6\/e201\/52799337\/lmad085.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T21:23:22Z","timestamp":1699392202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article\/54\/6\/e201\/7273806"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/labmed\/lmad085","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-5027","1943-7730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-5027","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-7730","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]]}}}